What role does developmental planning play in the progress of any nation? Some nations are strategically taking giant strides towards achieving their developmental goals, while for some, it looks like a long lasting struggle. This book shows the importance of adequate planning and commitment to implementation of the plans as a major factor responsible and necessary for growth and development of any nation. A comparison is made between two developing countries; India and Nigeria as case studies. While one is achieving its developmental plans in the face of multi-dimensional challenges, the other is struggling.