The indiscriminate increase of infractions and illicit acts practiced by minors has pointed to the urgency of rethinking the criminal majority in Brazil. The present study aims to analyze the favorable and contrary grounds for reducing the Penal Majority in Brazil. A bibliographical research was carried out. The theme on the reduction of the age of criminal responsibility is very interesting because it is one of the most discussed topics in the Brazilian political scenario. In the course of the work were discussed topics related to the theme, such as juvenile delinquency, the age of criminal responsibility, criminal responsibility, the Statute of the Child and Adolescent - (ECA) - Law 8,069/90, the theory of integral protection and finally, promoted a discussion about the doctrinal arguments for and against the reduction of the age of criminal responsibility. This study concludes by drawing the attention of the reader and researchers with an affinity for the theme that the doctors were able to expose their opinions on the criminal majority addressed in the manuscript.