Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) has become one of the major health issues in Sri Lanka, There are no specific evidences to find out exact causes for the CKDu in Sri Lanka especially in the North central and Northern parts of the Island. The Vavuniya district in Sri Lanka has recorded an alarming amount of CKD patients recent years, due to its natural environmental factors: water, climate, soil and human factors: income, occupation, education, food selection, consumption pattern, incorrect use of cooking utensils, and use of agro chemicals etc. There are only few medical perspective research on CKD in Vavuniya. Therefore, this study focuses to identify the possible reasons and remedial measures for CKD in the Vavuniya district with a geographical aspect. This study has identified the spatial distribution of CKD and environmental and socio economic factors for prevalence of CKD in the Vavuniya District.