1. The Arab conquest of Egypt to the end of the Ayyubi dynasty, 639-1250
2. The age of the mamluks, 1250-1516
3. The Ottoman age, 1516-1805
4. The beginning of the state system, 1805-1922
5. The liberal experiment, 1922-52
6. The Nasser years, 1952-70
7. From Sadat to Mubarak, 1970 to the present day
Select bibliography.
1. The Arab conquest of Egypt to the end of the Ayyubi dynasty, 639-1250; 2. The age of the mamluks, 1250-1516; 3. The Ottoman age, 1516-1805; 4. The beginning of the state system, 1805-1922; 5. The liberal experiment, 1922-52; 6. The Nasser years, 1952-70; 7. From Sadat to Mubarak, 1970 to the present day; Select bibliography.