This book is an administrative history of Ethiopian modern civil service from 1961 to 2021. The year 1961 is selected because this year forms an important watershed in the administration history of modern civil service since it witnessed a significant structural and functional change in the Ethiopian civil service institutions as the result of the issuance of the Public Services Order No.23/1961. On the other hand in 2021, the Civil Service Commission was re-established as an autonomous federal government organ having its own legal personality and being accountable for the Prime Minister. In this year, the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Civil Service Commission not only introduced its ten-year public service sector road-map (2021-2030), but also has issued the revised Federal Employees' Employment, Promotion and Transfer Directive.