During the school year 2011-2012, a new framework for the teaching and testing of foreign languages at Greek State Primary and Secondary Schools was elaborated and piloted by the University of Athens under the auspices of the Greek Ministry of Education and the Greek Pedagogic Institute. This book deals with this new "Common Foreign Language Framework" (CFLF) and the introduction and piloting of a new testing system implemented for German, English and French at streamline schools, based on the requirements and suggestions stated in the CFLF. Detailed descriptions of the newly introduced legal framework, the previous and new testing specifications and the processes and results of a pilot run of a foreign language test for German according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) for Language Teaching and Testing level A1, which was conducted following the new outlines at a main stream secondary school in Athens, are given.