The Nigerian Government's Transformation Agenda, instituted by the President, to cover the period 2011 - 2015 is anchored on Nigeria's long-term economic development blueprint as encapsulated in Vision 20: 2020. The transformation agenda isolates a set of key priority policies and programmes which when executed are expected to yield outcomes that are consistent with present and future needs of the Nigerian people. It is already a known fact that Nigeria operates largely a mono-product economy presently, and it is expected that further developments in, and transformation of, the petroleum sector will lead to a diversification of the Nigerian economy into agriculture, information and telecommunications technology, aggressive manufacturing activities, etc. This book is a collection of articles published by the author based on a review of the upstream, mid-stream and downstream petroleum developments in Nigeria, with a view to proffering short, medium and long- term policy solutions to challenges faced by the industry.