This book evaluated the ability of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), a plant resistance-inducing agent, to improve the defense efficacy of melon fruit against an important postharvest phytopathogen, Fusarium pallidoroseum, associated with the analysis of the expression of some defense proteins in an attempt to understand the biochemical mechanisms of action of ASM. Besides, it also analysed the change of expression of these defence proteins in melon seedlings after treatment with the inducer.