John M. Findlay, Iain D. Gilchrist

Active Vision

The Psychology of Looking and Seeing

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

More than one third of the human brain is devoted to the processes of seeing - vision is after all the main way in which we gather information about the world. But human vision is a dynamic process during which the eyes continually sample the environment. Where most books on vision consider it as a passive activity, this book is unique in focusing on vision as an 'active' process. It goes beyond most accounts of vision where the focus is on seeing, to provide an integrated account of seeing AND looking. The book starts by pointing out the weaknesses in our traditional approaches to vision and the reason we need this new approach. It then gives a thorough description of basic details of the visual and oculomotor systems necessary to understand active vision. The book goes on to show how this approach can give a new perspective on visual attention, and how the approach has progressed in the areas of visual orienting, reading, visual search, scene perception and neuropsychology. Finally, the book summarises progress by showing how this approach sheds new light on the old problem of how we maintain perception of a stable visual world. Written by two leading vision scientists, this book will be valuable for vision researchers and psychology students, from undergraduate level upwards.

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Produktdetails

• Oxford Psychology Series
• Verlag: Oxford University Press
• Seitenzahl: 236
• Erscheinungstermin: 7. August 2003
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 234mm x 156mm x 13mm
• Gewicht: 356g
• ISBN-13: 9780198524793
• ISBN-10: 019852479X
• Artikelnr.: 15007344

Autorenporträt

(Reader in Neuropsychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol)

Inhaltsangabe

Passive Vision and Active Vision
1.1: Introduction
1.2: Passive vision
1.3: Visual attention
1.4: Active vision
1.5: Active vision and vision for action
1.6: Outline of the book
Background to Active Vision
2.1: Introduction
2.2: The inhomogeneity of the visual projections
2.3: Parallel visual pathways
2.4: The oculomotor system
2.5: Saccadic eye movements
2.6: Summary
Visual Selection, Covert Attention and Eye Movements
3.1: Covert and overt attention
3.2: Covert spatial attention
3.3: The relationship between covert and overt attention
3.4: Speed of attention
3.5: Neurophysiology of attention
3.6: Non-spatial attention
3.7: Active vision and attention
3.8: Summary
Visual Orienting
4.1: Introduction
4.2: What determines the latency of orienting saccades?
4.3: Physiology of saccade initiation
4.4: What determines the landing position of orienting saccades?
4.5: Physiology of the WHERE system
4.6: The Findlay and Walker model
4.7: Development and plasticity
Visual Sampling during Text Reading
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Basic patterns of visual sampling during reading
5.3: Perception during fixations in reading
5.4: Language processing
5.5: Control of fixation duration
5.6: Control of landing position
5.7: Theories of eye control during reading
5.8: Practical aspects of eye control in reading
5.9: Overview
Visual Search
6.1: Visual search tasks
6.2: Theories of visual search
6.3: The need for eye movements in visual search
6.4: Eye movements in visual search
6.5: Ocular capture in visual search
6.6: Saccades in visual search: scanpaths
6.7: Physiology of visual search
6.8: Summary
Natural Scenes and Activities
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Analytic studies of scene and object perception
7.3: Dynamic scenes and situations
7.4: Summary
Human Neuropsychology
8.1: Blindsight
8.2: Neglect
8.3: Balint's syndrome and dorsal simultanagnosia
8.4: Frontal lobe damage
8.5: Orienting without eye movements
8.6: Summary
Space Constancy and Trans-saccadic Integration
9.1: The traditional approach: 'compensatory taking
into account'
9.2: Trans-saccadic integration
9.3: Resolution of the conflicting results
9.4: Conclusion: The Active Vision Cycle
9.5: Future directions