In the event of an adult cardiac arrest, it is essential to be able to respond rapidly, providing safe and effective care. This new and updated edition of Advanced Cardiac Life Support provides the theoretical background to resuscitation as well as explaining the essential resuscitation skills required to manage an adult cardiac arrest- from the time it occurs until subsequent transfer to the ICU. The emphasis is on the prevention of cardiac arrest with detailed information on the management of peri-arrest arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes. Advanced Cardiac Life Support also discusses…mehr
In the event of an adult cardiac arrest, it is essential to be able to respond rapidly, providing safe and effective care. This new and updated edition of Advanced Cardiac Life Support provides the theoretical background to resuscitation as well as explaining the essential resuscitation skills required to manage an adult cardiac arrest- from the time it occurs until subsequent transfer to the ICU. The emphasis is on the prevention of cardiac arrest with detailed information on the management of peri-arrest arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes. Advanced Cardiac Life Support also discusses ethical and legal issues, record keeping, dealing with bereavement, audit, equipment and training- providing an essential quick reference tool for nurses and health care professionals. * An evidence-based approach to emergency care based on the latest Resuscitation guidelines * A succinct yet comprehensive guide to the management of cardiac arrest * Written by an experienced resuscitation training offer who is also a qualified nurse and former CCU Charge NurseHinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Phil Jevon qualified as an RGN in 1986. He worked on CCU between the years 1987 and 1993 during which time he gained considerable experience in coronary care nursing. He has been the Resuscitation Officer/Clinical Skills Lead at The Manor Hospital, Walsall since 1993 and is an Honorary Clinical Lecturer at the Birmingham Medical School. While working on CCU and since then in his role as a member of the hospital cardiac arrest team, he has got considerable experience in advanced cardiac life support.
Inhaltsangabe
Chapter 1: Resuscitation Service: An Overview 1 Introduction 1 Learning outcomes 1 Concept of the chain of survival 1 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Standards for Clinical Practice and Training 3 Role of the Resuscitation Council (UK) 8 Principles of safer handling during CPR 9 Chapter summary 12 Chapter 2: Resuscitation Equipment 13 Introduction 13 Learning outcomes 13 Recommended minimum equipment for the management of an adult cardiac arrest 14 Routine checking of resuscitation equipment 17 Checking resuscitation equipment following use 18 Chapter summary 18 Chapter 3: Recognition and Treatment of the Critically Ill Patient 20 Introduction 20 Learning outcomes 20 Prevention of in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest 21 Clinical signs of critical illness 24 Early warning scores and calling criteria 24 Role of outreach and medical emergency teams 29 Assessment and emergency treatment of the critically ill patient 31 Chapter summary 43 Chapter 4: Principles of Cardiac Monitoring and ECG Recognition 47 Introduction 47 Learning outcomes 47 The conduction system of the heart 48 The ECG and its relation to cardiac contraction 49 Methods of cardiac monitoring 49 Problems encountered with cardiac monitoring 51 Systematic approach to ECG interpretation 52 Cardiac arrhythmias associated with cardiac arrest 56 Peri-arrest arrhythmias 58 Chapter summary 62 Chapter 5: Bystander Basic Life Support 64 Introduction 64 Learning outcomes 64 Potential hazards when attempting BLS 65 Initial assessment and sequence of actions in bystander BLS 66 Principles of chest compressions 70 Principles of mouth-to-mouth ventilation 73 The recovery position 77 Treatment for foreign body airway obstruction 81 Chapter summary 85 Chapter 6: Airway Management and Ventilation 88 Introduction 88 Learning outcomes 88 Causes of airway obstruction 89 Recognition of airway obstruction 89 Simple techniques to open and clear the airway 90 Use of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways 94 Insertion of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) 102 Insertion of the combitube 106 Procedure for application of cricoid pressure 107 Principles of tracheal intubation 111 Methods for ventilation 116 Chapter summary 121 Chapter 7: Defibrillation and Electrical Cardioversion 124 Introduction 124 Learning objectives 125 Ventricular fibrillation 125 Physiology of defibrillation 126 Factors affecting successful defibrillation 127 Safety issues and defibrillation 132 Procedure for manual defibrillation 134 Procedure for automated external defibrillation 138 Synchronised electrical cardioversion 140 New technological advances in defibrillation 143 Chapter summary 144 Chapter 8: Advanced Life Support 147 Introduction 147 Learning objectives 147 Background to the Resuscitation Council (UK) ALS algorithm 148 Overview of the ALS algorithm 149 Chest compressions 160 Precordial thump 165 Reversible causes 167 Drug delivery routes 170 Resuscitation drugs 172 Use of pre-filled syringes 174 Principles of external pacing 176 Chapter summary 179 Chapter 9: Resuscitation in Special Situations 182 Introduction 182 Learning outcomes 182 Life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities 183 Hypothermia 186 Drowning 189 Acute severe asthma 191 Electrocution 195 Pregnancy 197 Poisoning 199 Trauma 202 Cardiovascular collapse or cardiac arrest caused by local anaesthetic 203 Chapter summary 204 Chapter 10: Anaphylaxis 209 Introduction 209 Learning outcomes 209 Definition 209 Incidence 210 Pathophysiology 211 Causes 211 Clinical features and diagnosis 211 Treatment of anaphylaxis 213 Chapter summary 217 Chapter 11: Acute Coronary Syndromes 219 Introduction 219 Learning outcomes 219 Pathogenesis of ACS 219 Classification of ACS 220 Diagnosis of ACS 221 Immediate treatment of ACS 228 Chapter summary 232 Chapter 12: Management of Peri-Arrest Arrhythmias 234 Introduction 234 Learning outcomes 234 Principles of the use of the peri-arrest algorithms 235 Adverse clinical signs associated with peri-arrest arrhythmias 235 Management of bradycardia 236 Management of a tachycardia 238 Chapter summary 242 Chapter 13: Post-Resuscitation Care 244 Introduction 244 Learning objectives 244 Goals of post-resuscitation care 245 Initial assessment priorities 245 Transfer to definitive care 253 Measures to limit damage to vital organs 254 Temperature control and therapeutic hypothermia 257 Prediction of poor outcome 262 Chapter summary 263 Chapter 14: Bereavement 266 Introduction 266 Learning objectives 266 Ideal layout for the relatives room 266 Breaking bad news 267 Telephone notification of relatives 268 Practical arrangements following a death 269 Relatives witnessing resuscitation 270 Chapter summary 272 Chapter 15: Ethical Issues in Resuscitation 273 Introduction 273 Learning outcomes 274 Ethical principles that guide medical practice 274 Historical background to DNAR decisions 275 Importance of DNAR decisions 277 Key messages in Decisions Relating to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 278 Overview of the DNAR decision-making process 279 Factors underpinning DNAR decisions 279 Documentation of DNAR decisions 286 Information for patients and relatives 287 Chapter summary 288 Chapter 16: Resuscitation Records 291 Introduction 291 Learning outcomes 291 Why maintaining accurate resuscitation records is important 291 Examples of poor record keeping 292 Factors underpinning effective record keeping 292 Importance of auditing resuscitation records 294 Legal issues associated with record keeping 294 Audit and reporting standards 295 Chapter summary 296 Chapter 17: Resuscitation Training 297 Introduction 297 Learning outcomes 297 Why resuscitation training is important 298 Principles of adult learning 298 Resuscitation training methods 299 Recommendations for resuscitation training for healthcare staff 302 Training mannequins/models 304 Resuscitation Council (UK) courses 304 Chapter summary 306 Index 309
Chapter 1: Resuscitation Service: An Overview 1 Introduction 1 Learning outcomes 1 Concept of the chain of survival 1 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Standards for Clinical Practice and Training 3 Role of the Resuscitation Council (UK) 8 Principles of safer handling during CPR 9 Chapter summary 12 Chapter 2: Resuscitation Equipment 13 Introduction 13 Learning outcomes 13 Recommended minimum equipment for the management of an adult cardiac arrest 14 Routine checking of resuscitation equipment 17 Checking resuscitation equipment following use 18 Chapter summary 18 Chapter 3: Recognition and Treatment of the Critically Ill Patient 20 Introduction 20 Learning outcomes 20 Prevention of in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest 21 Clinical signs of critical illness 24 Early warning scores and calling criteria 24 Role of outreach and medical emergency teams 29 Assessment and emergency treatment of the critically ill patient 31 Chapter summary 43 Chapter 4: Principles of Cardiac Monitoring and ECG Recognition 47 Introduction 47 Learning outcomes 47 The conduction system of the heart 48 The ECG and its relation to cardiac contraction 49 Methods of cardiac monitoring 49 Problems encountered with cardiac monitoring 51 Systematic approach to ECG interpretation 52 Cardiac arrhythmias associated with cardiac arrest 56 Peri-arrest arrhythmias 58 Chapter summary 62 Chapter 5: Bystander Basic Life Support 64 Introduction 64 Learning outcomes 64 Potential hazards when attempting BLS 65 Initial assessment and sequence of actions in bystander BLS 66 Principles of chest compressions 70 Principles of mouth-to-mouth ventilation 73 The recovery position 77 Treatment for foreign body airway obstruction 81 Chapter summary 85 Chapter 6: Airway Management and Ventilation 88 Introduction 88 Learning outcomes 88 Causes of airway obstruction 89 Recognition of airway obstruction 89 Simple techniques to open and clear the airway 90 Use of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways 94 Insertion of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) 102 Insertion of the combitube 106 Procedure for application of cricoid pressure 107 Principles of tracheal intubation 111 Methods for ventilation 116 Chapter summary 121 Chapter 7: Defibrillation and Electrical Cardioversion 124 Introduction 124 Learning objectives 125 Ventricular fibrillation 125 Physiology of defibrillation 126 Factors affecting successful defibrillation 127 Safety issues and defibrillation 132 Procedure for manual defibrillation 134 Procedure for automated external defibrillation 138 Synchronised electrical cardioversion 140 New technological advances in defibrillation 143 Chapter summary 144 Chapter 8: Advanced Life Support 147 Introduction 147 Learning objectives 147 Background to the Resuscitation Council (UK) ALS algorithm 148 Overview of the ALS algorithm 149 Chest compressions 160 Precordial thump 165 Reversible causes 167 Drug delivery routes 170 Resuscitation drugs 172 Use of pre-filled syringes 174 Principles of external pacing 176 Chapter summary 179 Chapter 9: Resuscitation in Special Situations 182 Introduction 182 Learning outcomes 182 Life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities 183 Hypothermia 186 Drowning 189 Acute severe asthma 191 Electrocution 195 Pregnancy 197 Poisoning 199 Trauma 202 Cardiovascular collapse or cardiac arrest caused by local anaesthetic 203 Chapter summary 204 Chapter 10: Anaphylaxis 209 Introduction 209 Learning outcomes 209 Definition 209 Incidence 210 Pathophysiology 211 Causes 211 Clinical features and diagnosis 211 Treatment of anaphylaxis 213 Chapter summary 217 Chapter 11: Acute Coronary Syndromes 219 Introduction 219 Learning outcomes 219 Pathogenesis of ACS 219 Classification of ACS 220 Diagnosis of ACS 221 Immediate treatment of ACS 228 Chapter summary 232 Chapter 12: Management of Peri-Arrest Arrhythmias 234 Introduction 234 Learning outcomes 234 Principles of the use of the peri-arrest algorithms 235 Adverse clinical signs associated with peri-arrest arrhythmias 235 Management of bradycardia 236 Management of a tachycardia 238 Chapter summary 242 Chapter 13: Post-Resuscitation Care 244 Introduction 244 Learning objectives 244 Goals of post-resuscitation care 245 Initial assessment priorities 245 Transfer to definitive care 253 Measures to limit damage to vital organs 254 Temperature control and therapeutic hypothermia 257 Prediction of poor outcome 262 Chapter summary 263 Chapter 14: Bereavement 266 Introduction 266 Learning objectives 266 Ideal layout for the relatives room 266 Breaking bad news 267 Telephone notification of relatives 268 Practical arrangements following a death 269 Relatives witnessing resuscitation 270 Chapter summary 272 Chapter 15: Ethical Issues in Resuscitation 273 Introduction 273 Learning outcomes 274 Ethical principles that guide medical practice 274 Historical background to DNAR decisions 275 Importance of DNAR decisions 277 Key messages in Decisions Relating to Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 278 Overview of the DNAR decision-making process 279 Factors underpinning DNAR decisions 279 Documentation of DNAR decisions 286 Information for patients and relatives 287 Chapter summary 288 Chapter 16: Resuscitation Records 291 Introduction 291 Learning outcomes 291 Why maintaining accurate resuscitation records is important 291 Examples of poor record keeping 292 Factors underpinning effective record keeping 292 Importance of auditing resuscitation records 294 Legal issues associated with record keeping 294 Audit and reporting standards 295 Chapter summary 296 Chapter 17: Resuscitation Training 297 Introduction 297 Learning outcomes 297 Why resuscitation training is important 298 Principles of adult learning 298 Resuscitation training methods 299 Recommendations for resuscitation training for healthcare staff 302 Training mannequins/models 304 Resuscitation Council (UK) courses 304 Chapter summary 306 Index 309
Rezensionen
"Praised in its previous edition as a concise source of essential information, this new edition presents the most recent information in an accessible format and serves as an excellent reference source for all cardiologists, radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians". (TMCnet.com, 19 January 2011)
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