The National Bureau of Standards Boulder Laboratories was on September 5-7, 1956 again host to a national conference on cryogenic engineering. Supported financially by many of the leading industrial firms currently active in this rapidly expanding field, the conference, second of its kind, attracted more than 400 scientists and engineers from all parts of the world. This attendance was evidence of the present interest and growth in cryogenic engineering, a field which has as yet not found a satisfactory place within the bounds of existing professional societies. In all but two cases the…mehr
The National Bureau of Standards Boulder Laboratories was on September 5-7, 1956 again host to a national conference on cryogenic engineering. Supported financially by many of the leading industrial firms currently active in this rapidly expanding field, the conference, second of its kind, attracted more than 400 scientists and engineers from all parts of the world. This attendance was evidence of the present interest and growth in cryogenic engineering, a field which has as yet not found a satisfactory place within the bounds of existing professional societies. In all but two cases the Proceedings contain the summary or entire text of the paper presented at the confer ence. Forty-nine papers were presented at seven separate sessions. These sessions were divided into the following general topics: Cryogenic Processes Cryogenic Equipment Cryogenic Properties Cryogenic Applications Bubble Chambers The division in some cases had to be somewhat arbitrary since several papers could have been classified under more than one general topic. To make the Proceedings more valuable to the reader, an attempt was made to record the general discussion which followed each paper. Unfortunately, however, the recording devices were not sensitive enough for clear reproduction. The discussions, therefore, have not been included in the Proceed ings.
Papers Peesented.- Cryogenic Processes.- A-1 Fundamentals of Hydrogen Liquefaction.- A-2 Hydrogen-Helium Liquefier.- A-3 Catalysis of the Ortho-Parahydrogen Conversion.- A-4 A New Arrangement for Ortho-Para Conversion of Liquid Hydrogen in the Large CEL-NBS Liquefier.- A-5 The Reversible Separation of Multicomponent Mixtures.- A-6 Distillation of Hydrogen - Deuterium Mixtures.- A-7 Freeze-out Purification of Gases in Heat Exchangers.- Cryogenic Equipment.- B-1 Breathing Oxygen Storage Dewars.- B-2 A Liquid Oxygen Servicing Dewar Transportable by Tactical Aircraft.- B-3 Liquid Hydrogen Pumping System.- B-4 Small Liquid Hydrogen Dewars, Design and Use.- B-5 Liquid Oxygen Trucks.- B-6 A Liquid Hydrogen Dewar to Supply Gas to Balloons in Flight.- Cryogenic Properties.- C-1 Mechanical Properties of Metals at Low Temperatures.- C-2 Mechanical Properties of Some Engineering Materials.- C-3 Total Emissivity of Some Surfaces at 77°K.- C-4 Resistance-Temperature "Scaling" of Carbon-Composition Thermometers.- C-5 Reactor Irradiations at 15°K.- C-6 On Some Mechanical Properties of Superconductors.- Cryogenic Properties (continued).- D-1 The Los Alamos High Field Magnet.- D-2 Conductivity of Metallic Cryogenic Materials.- D-3 An Investigation of the Liquid Oxygen Geysering Phenomena in Missile Supply Lines.- D-4 The Performance Characteristics of Low Temperature Tension Testing Apparatus and Its Application in Industry.- D-5 An Experimental Study of the Strength and Fatigue of Glass at Very Low Temperatures.- D-6 Development Program for a Non Lubricated 10,000 RPM Bearing Operating Over a Temperature Range from 40°R to 560°R.- Cryogenic Properties (continued).- E-1 Characteristics of Some Insulations for Liquid Oxygen Transfer Lines.- E-2 Heat Transfer Through Foams andPowders.- E-3 Thermal Conductivities of Copper and Copper Alloys.- E-4 Cryogenic Characteristics of Wire Resistance Strain Gages.- E-5 Continuous Analysis of Argon for Traces of Nitrogen.- E-6 Adsorbents in Liquid Oxygen Containers.- Cryogenic Applications.- F-1 Novel Refrigeration System.- F-2 Gas Chromatography as Applied to the Industrial Separation of Neon from Nitrogen and Helium.- F-3 Some Aspects of the Design of Airborne Pressure Vessels for Low Temperature Applications.- F-4 A Circulating Air-Bath Cryostat and Its Use in Dynamic Adsorption.- F-5 Helium Heat Rectifiers and a Simple Magnetic Refrigerator.- F-6 E. R. E. T. S. LOX Losses and Preventative Measures.- Cryogenic Applications (continued).- G-1 Gas Refrigerating Machines.- G-2 Expansion Engines and Turbines for Low Temperature Processing.- G-3 An Impulse Type Expander Turbine.- G-4 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger Usage.- G-5 Heat Exchanger Performance Prediction by Electrical Analogy.- G-6 Performance of Pumps with Liquefied Gases.- G-7 Long Distance Transfer of Liquefied Gases.- Bubble Chambers.- H-1 The Development and Operation of the 10 Inch Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chamber.- H-2 A Large Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chamber.- H-3 A Liquid Helium Bubble Chamber.- H-4 Designing for Safety in Hydrogen Bubble Chambers.- Special Session.- I-1 A Small Liquid Nitrogen Plant, Using a Gas Refrigerating Machine.- Author Index.- List of Delegates.
Papers Peesented.- Cryogenic Processes.- A-1 Fundamentals of Hydrogen Liquefaction.- A-2 Hydrogen-Helium Liquefier.- A-3 Catalysis of the Ortho-Parahydrogen Conversion.- A-4 A New Arrangement for Ortho-Para Conversion of Liquid Hydrogen in the Large CEL-NBS Liquefier.- A-5 The Reversible Separation of Multicomponent Mixtures.- A-6 Distillation of Hydrogen - Deuterium Mixtures.- A-7 Freeze-out Purification of Gases in Heat Exchangers.- Cryogenic Equipment.- B-1 Breathing Oxygen Storage Dewars.- B-2 A Liquid Oxygen Servicing Dewar Transportable by Tactical Aircraft.- B-3 Liquid Hydrogen Pumping System.- B-4 Small Liquid Hydrogen Dewars, Design and Use.- B-5 Liquid Oxygen Trucks.- B-6 A Liquid Hydrogen Dewar to Supply Gas to Balloons in Flight.- Cryogenic Properties.- C-1 Mechanical Properties of Metals at Low Temperatures.- C-2 Mechanical Properties of Some Engineering Materials.- C-3 Total Emissivity of Some Surfaces at 77°K.- C-4 Resistance-Temperature "Scaling" of Carbon-Composition Thermometers.- C-5 Reactor Irradiations at 15°K.- C-6 On Some Mechanical Properties of Superconductors.- Cryogenic Properties (continued).- D-1 The Los Alamos High Field Magnet.- D-2 Conductivity of Metallic Cryogenic Materials.- D-3 An Investigation of the Liquid Oxygen Geysering Phenomena in Missile Supply Lines.- D-4 The Performance Characteristics of Low Temperature Tension Testing Apparatus and Its Application in Industry.- D-5 An Experimental Study of the Strength and Fatigue of Glass at Very Low Temperatures.- D-6 Development Program for a Non Lubricated 10,000 RPM Bearing Operating Over a Temperature Range from 40°R to 560°R.- Cryogenic Properties (continued).- E-1 Characteristics of Some Insulations for Liquid Oxygen Transfer Lines.- E-2 Heat Transfer Through Foams andPowders.- E-3 Thermal Conductivities of Copper and Copper Alloys.- E-4 Cryogenic Characteristics of Wire Resistance Strain Gages.- E-5 Continuous Analysis of Argon for Traces of Nitrogen.- E-6 Adsorbents in Liquid Oxygen Containers.- Cryogenic Applications.- F-1 Novel Refrigeration System.- F-2 Gas Chromatography as Applied to the Industrial Separation of Neon from Nitrogen and Helium.- F-3 Some Aspects of the Design of Airborne Pressure Vessels for Low Temperature Applications.- F-4 A Circulating Air-Bath Cryostat and Its Use in Dynamic Adsorption.- F-5 Helium Heat Rectifiers and a Simple Magnetic Refrigerator.- F-6 E. R. E. T. S. LOX Losses and Preventative Measures.- Cryogenic Applications (continued).- G-1 Gas Refrigerating Machines.- G-2 Expansion Engines and Turbines for Low Temperature Processing.- G-3 An Impulse Type Expander Turbine.- G-4 Low Temperature Heat Exchanger Usage.- G-5 Heat Exchanger Performance Prediction by Electrical Analogy.- G-6 Performance of Pumps with Liquefied Gases.- G-7 Long Distance Transfer of Liquefied Gases.- Bubble Chambers.- H-1 The Development and Operation of the 10 Inch Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chamber.- H-2 A Large Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chamber.- H-3 A Liquid Helium Bubble Chamber.- H-4 Designing for Safety in Hydrogen Bubble Chambers.- Special Session.- I-1 A Small Liquid Nitrogen Plant, Using a Gas Refrigerating Machine.- Author Index.- List of Delegates.
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