The International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Forensics: Countering the Evolving Threat of Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control was organized by the IAEA and held in Vienna on 710 July 2014. The conference was organized in cooperation with the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group (ITWG), the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) and the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism (GICNT). The conference was attended by 285 participants and observers from 76 Member States and 8 organizations. The objective of the conference was: to convene the first of its kind international conference solely dedicated to nuclear forensics: to review the role of nuclear forensics as an essential element of a nuclear security infrastructure; to present scientific achievements and to exchange experience and lessons learned on the implementation of nuclear forensics in support of law enforcement investigations