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Advocacy and Opposition: An Introduction to Argumentation presents a comprehensive and practical approach to argumentation and critical thinking for the beginning student learning to construct and present arguments on questions of fact, value, and policy.
Advocacy and Opposition offers a theoretical insight into the nature of argument in our society, a discussion of arguing as a form of communication, and a focus on how arguments are created using the Toulmin model of argument. By blending traditional and contemporary views of the nature of argument, (including multicultural perspectives…mehr

Produktbeschreibung
Advocacy and Opposition: An Introduction to Argumentation presents a comprehensive and practical approach to argumentation and critical thinking for the beginning student learning to construct and present arguments on questions of fact, value, and policy.

Advocacy and Opposition offers a theoretical insight into the nature of argument in our society, a discussion of arguing as a form of communication, and a focus on how arguments are created using the Toulmin model of argument. By blending traditional and contemporary views of the nature of argument, (including multicultural perspectives on the purpose and process of argument, ethics, and values), Advocacy and Opposition makes students more aware of the development of theory and practice.

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Features + Benefits

Presents separate discussions of the techniques and strategies of arguing fact, value, and policy to equip students with the critical thinking tools they need to succeed in college-level work.

Provides a comprehensive discussion of the process of analyzing propositions of fact, value, and policy, illustrating the relationship between these types of propositions in a way that is easily understandable to students.

Guides students through the process of analysis using a topic that demonstrates how fact, value, and policy are found in a topic and provides a model useful for doing an analysis assignment.

Includes an in-depth discussion of the different types of reasoning, enabling students to critically examine how reasoning works in their own use of argument as well as the arguments they read and hear.

Employs the Toulmin model of argument to explain how a unit of argument is constructed through evidence and reasoning to help students construct their own arguments and think critically about the arguments of others.

Incorporates graphic depictions of the relationship between the parts of a unit of argument (grounds, warrant, claims, etc.) using a real-life situation of people constructing arguments that makes the material more accessible for students.

Examines differences in values that exist within and among cultures as both a locus of potential value conflict and an impetus for possible value change, information that is beneficial to today’s students.

Incorporates real-life examples drawn from issues that reflect concerns inside and outside the classroom to show students the relevance of concepts to their own lives and needs.

Demonstrates how the latest web-based sources of information supplement traditional library resources and allow for the creation of powerful research strategies, including the strengths and weaknesses for print versus electronic sources of information and the values unique to each.

Offers complete models for developing fact, value, and policy briefs to help students prepare assignments.

Includes an Appendix reflecting current practice in academic debate which provides guidance for class debate assignments.

1. What is argumentation?

The nature of argumentation

The nature of the audience

The historical development of argumentation

Ethical standards for argumentation

2. Where do I begin in argumentation?

Fields of argumentation

Presumption

Burden of proof

The prima facie case

3. What am I going to argue about?

The nature of propositions

The classification of propositions

Phrasing the proposition

Defining key terms

4. How do I analyze propositions?

Locating the immediate cause

Investigating history

Defining key terms and creating the primary inference

Determining the issues

5. How is a unit of argument created?

The Toulmin model of argument

6. How do I prove my argument?

The discovery of evidence

Types and tests of evidence

Recording evidence

7. How do I reason with my audience?

Argument from cause

Argument from sign

Argument from generalization

Argument from parallel case

Argument from analogy

Argument from authority

Argument from dilemma

8. What should I avoid?

Fallacies of reasoning

Fallacies of appeal

Fallacies of language

9. How are factual propositions argued?

Advocating propositions of fact

Opposing propositions of fact

10. How are value propositions argued?

The nature of values

Advocating propositions of value

Opposing propositions of value

11. How are policy propositions argued?

Advocating propositions of policy

Opposing propositions of policy

Appendix A: What are the rules of the game?

Debate formats

Speaker responsibilities

Flow sheeting

Glossary

Index
Advocacy and Opposition: An Introduction to Argumentation presents a comprehensive and practical approach to argumentation and critical thinking for the beginning student learning to construct and present arguments on questions of fact, value, and policy. Advocacy and Opposition offers a theoretical insight into the nature of argument in our society, a discussion of arguing as a form of communication, and a focus on how arguments are created using the Toulmin model of argument. By blending traditional and contemporary views of the nature of argument, (including multicultural perspectives on the purpose and process of argument, ethics, and values), Advocacy and Opposition makes students more aware of the development of theory and practice. NEW! Pearson's Reading Hour Program for Instructors Interested in reviewing new and updated texts in Communication? Click on the below link to choose an electronic chapter to preview... Settle back, read, and receive a Penguin paperback for your time!
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