"Developing Africa. Pistes de réflexion". Volume 4 deals indifferently with themes related to the development and underdevelopment of black Africa.If it is common to consider that the "evil of Africa" is purely political in nature, there is an area on which the African leaders and leaders must put the most emphasis, the youth. For it is the youth, that living force that can be both a strength, especially when well trained, but can be a weakness and even the worst enemy when left to its own devices.