The United State Congress passed the African Growth and opportunity Act (AGOA) in 2000 which allows eligible Sub-Sharan African countries to export qualified products to the U.S market free of tariff and quota. Ethiopia is among the beneficiary countries in terms of different qualified products including textiles and garments. Kenya, Lesotho and Mauritius share of textiles and apparel exported to US through AGOA cover more than 87% in 2015, whereas the share of Ethiopia was below 2%. Ethiopian textile and apparel sub-sector are not fully utilizing AGOA compared to other some SSA countries. This book shows market size or availability of huge market potential for those able to compete in US market, challenges of Ethiopian textile and garment sector in achieving the maximum benefits out of the African Growth Opportunity Act, Ethiopian competitive advantage from other countries and possible recommendations to overcome the challenges.