For several years, the question of Gabon's agricultural situation has constantly mobilized a wide range of players. From international organizations to development agencies and banks, local authorities, eminent researchers in economics and agronomy, and so on. So far, no one has been able to point the way to revitalize this highly fundamental sector. In this paper, we set out from the socio-anthropology of development and social change, which is at once "a political anthropology, a sociology of organizations, an economic anthropology, a sociology of networks, an anthropology of representations and meaning" (J.-P. Olivier de Sardan, 1995), to invest this Gabonese agricultural field so as to highlight an analytical perspective of re-modeling, which we describe as "behind the scenes", virtually unexplored until now. In the long term, this should enable us to read the problem from a more operational angle. But also, and above all, one that will help us to propose forward-looking solutions that inexorably involve the rehumanization of this sector.