As one part of agricultural industry, sugar cane plantation is very important agricultural sector in many developing countries. In relation with rapid demand increasing of sugar government and non gove- rnment organization are investing to plant new factories in addition to the already existing ones. These factories have so many agricultural machinery which are used for effective chain operation and production from the land preparation to cane harvesting and transportation. These machineries failure were frequently rectified through breakdown maintenance. This increases the cost of maintenance and intensive budget has to be provided because of maintenance expenditure. This book provides improved maintenance system to increase productivity of sugar enterprise and factories by increasing machinery work effectiveness and availability. The enterprise must have effective plan and replacement policy of machinery by which the whole firm will follow. It has also provided different maintenance parameters which maintenance discipline should required so that frequent failure of equipment will reduce so as to increase availability of machinery.