In recent years agriculture has drawn the attention of academicians and policymakers due to the rising agrarian crisis, low productivity and adverse environmental impact, and human health. It is also true that, from the experience of the green revolution, aggregate level planning in the country has limited success as it failed to address the constraints and requirements of each region. The regional level variation in the agrarian crisis, level of productivity, and environmental degradation are all due to the lack of sufficient provision for dealing with region-specific constraints and requirements at the time of planning for the development of the agriculture sector. This has called for regional-level planning in the country. The present study is to examine the performance of agriculture and the status of farmers in the North Eastern Region of India, with special reference to the state of Manipur. The study is mostly based on factual data from government organizations and departments. The present book is based on the research project's findings granted by the Indian Council of Social Sciences Research, New Delhi. I sincerely acknowledge my deep sense of gratitude to the council.