Agriculture is more than farming. It is a highly spe The entire system is increasingly consumer cialized, internationally industrialized, and produc driven, with market power shifting to the retail tive food and fiber system. Its many components outlets as they respond to consumer preferences have an interdependent future, the sum total of rather than to urgings from food manufacturers. which is the industry's future. The production sector is still primarily a response mechanism adjusting cost structures where pos The complexity of agriculture extends through sible in line with "given" market…mehr
Agriculture is more than farming. It is a highly spe The entire system is increasingly consumer cialized, internationally industrialized, and produc driven, with market power shifting to the retail tive food and fiber system. Its many components outlets as they respond to consumer preferences have an interdependent future, the sum total of rather than to urgings from food manufacturers. which is the industry's future. The production sector is still primarily a response mechanism adjusting cost structures where pos The complexity of agriculture extends through sible in line with "given" market prices. Keys to out the economy, making it increasingly vulnerable profit and survivability throughout the system lie in to political, social, and institutional forces. Al product/service differentiation, superior manage though one can summarize the future of agriculture ment (finance in particlar), use of relevant technol more than is done here, to do so would lose the ogies, and effective communication of all kinds.
Overview.- The Farm and Food System.- The Industrialization of U.S. Agriculture.- The Shift of Work from Farm Firms to Nonfarm Firms.- From Self-Sufficiency to Specialization and Interdependence.- Changes in Processing and Distribution.- The Transportation System and Product Flows.- World Markets and the Increasing Complexity of Coordinating Supply and Demand.- The Changing Role of Government.- Politics and the Food System.- Future Prospects.- Macro Forces Shaping U.S. Agriculture.- Growing Sensitivity to Macroeconomic Events.- Dimensions of Farm Financial Stress.- Financial Status of Farmers.- Financial Status of Farm Lenders.- Farm Solutions: The International Dimension.- Change in Monetary and Fiscal Policy.- Tax Policies.- Agricultural Policies.- The Changing Structure of Agriculture.- Recent Evolution in Farm Structure.- Family Farm Survival - Is It an Issue?.- The Future of Cooperatives.- Impact on Farm Families.- Implications for Rural Communities.- Policy Implications.- Concentration, Conglomerates, and Multinational Firms in the Food Marketing System.- Outlook.- Farm Production Inputs: Future Changes.- Land.- Water.- Labor.- Management.- Financial Capital.- Transportation.- Energy.- Technology and Productivity-Future Courses.- Productivity and Technology Evaluation.- Sources of New Technology.- The Relationship Between R & D and Economic Growth/Productivity.- Policy Issues Concerning Public and Private Research.- Property Rights: New Ideas, Secrecy Needs, and Profit.- Biotechnology: Genetic Engineering.- Potential Changes in Agriculture Through Biotechnology.- Technology in Food Processing.- What Is a New Food Product?.- Quality Control, Cost Reduction, and Productivity.- Meteorology and Climate Change.- Consumer Demand and Food Marketing.- ConsumerExpectations, Tastes, and Preferences.- Changes in Demand.- Business Firms Beyond the Farmer.- Food Manufacturers.- Food Retailing and Wholesaling.- Merchandising's Role in the System.- International Agricultural Trade.- An Historical Perspective.- Future Agricultural Trade Policy.- Future Solutions.- Federal Farm Programs.- Why Government Policy?.- Historical Policy Perspective.- The Stage for Future Agricultural Policies.- Policy Alternatives.- The Role of Government in Agriculture.- Economic and Political Guides to the Future.- Characteristics of Government's Future Role.- Coalitions Between Farmers and Nonfarmers.- Past and Present Goals.- Policy Problems and Remedial Strategies.- Credit and Agricultural Finance.- Food Safety Issues.- Tax Policies and Tax Management.- Federal or Private Sector Insurance Programs.- Market Orders.- Public Education and Research.- Natural Resources and the Environment.- Natural Resource Issues.- Wildlife and Agricultural Issues.- Policy Tools and Resource Policy.- Future Water Issues.- Soil Conservation.- Air Issues.- Toward a Sustainable Agriculture.- Suggested Readings.
Overview.- The Farm and Food System.- The Industrialization of U.S. Agriculture.- The Shift of Work from Farm Firms to Nonfarm Firms.- From Self-Sufficiency to Specialization and Interdependence.- Changes in Processing and Distribution.- The Transportation System and Product Flows.- World Markets and the Increasing Complexity of Coordinating Supply and Demand.- The Changing Role of Government.- Politics and the Food System.- Future Prospects.- Macro Forces Shaping U.S. Agriculture.- Growing Sensitivity to Macroeconomic Events.- Dimensions of Farm Financial Stress.- Financial Status of Farmers.- Financial Status of Farm Lenders.- Farm Solutions: The International Dimension.- Change in Monetary and Fiscal Policy.- Tax Policies.- Agricultural Policies.- The Changing Structure of Agriculture.- Recent Evolution in Farm Structure.- Family Farm Survival - Is It an Issue?.- The Future of Cooperatives.- Impact on Farm Families.- Implications for Rural Communities.- Policy Implications.- Concentration, Conglomerates, and Multinational Firms in the Food Marketing System.- Outlook.- Farm Production Inputs: Future Changes.- Land.- Water.- Labor.- Management.- Financial Capital.- Transportation.- Energy.- Technology and Productivity-Future Courses.- Productivity and Technology Evaluation.- Sources of New Technology.- The Relationship Between R & D and Economic Growth/Productivity.- Policy Issues Concerning Public and Private Research.- Property Rights: New Ideas, Secrecy Needs, and Profit.- Biotechnology: Genetic Engineering.- Potential Changes in Agriculture Through Biotechnology.- Technology in Food Processing.- What Is a New Food Product?.- Quality Control, Cost Reduction, and Productivity.- Meteorology and Climate Change.- Consumer Demand and Food Marketing.- ConsumerExpectations, Tastes, and Preferences.- Changes in Demand.- Business Firms Beyond the Farmer.- Food Manufacturers.- Food Retailing and Wholesaling.- Merchandising's Role in the System.- International Agricultural Trade.- An Historical Perspective.- Future Agricultural Trade Policy.- Future Solutions.- Federal Farm Programs.- Why Government Policy?.- Historical Policy Perspective.- The Stage for Future Agricultural Policies.- Policy Alternatives.- The Role of Government in Agriculture.- Economic and Political Guides to the Future.- Characteristics of Government's Future Role.- Coalitions Between Farmers and Nonfarmers.- Past and Present Goals.- Policy Problems and Remedial Strategies.- Credit and Agricultural Finance.- Food Safety Issues.- Tax Policies and Tax Management.- Federal or Private Sector Insurance Programs.- Market Orders.- Public Education and Research.- Natural Resources and the Environment.- Natural Resource Issues.- Wildlife and Agricultural Issues.- Policy Tools and Resource Policy.- Future Water Issues.- Soil Conservation.- Air Issues.- Toward a Sustainable Agriculture.- Suggested Readings.
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