This books emphasis to prove that local and regional traditional organic farming practices are eco-friendly, economically feasible and might guarantee food security for growing population world wide, especially in developing countries like India. In order to prove that organic farming enhances ecosystem services and long term sustainable food production: A series of selected agro-ecosystem services were analyzed in agricultural fields of Puducherry-India and the farmers were interviewed about the reasons for adoption and non-adoption of organic farming. Each chapter is designated to one ecosystem services or dis-services:described, analyzed and discussed.