This monograph centers on traditional literature, from its very beginnings until the 20th century. It observes an evolutionary time span and literary periods with the purpose of identifying points of view and approaches which provoke reactions and attitudes to literariness and intention in literature. The term intention is frequently used in criticism, but, when attached to literature, it seems as if it categorizes it. The truth is that intention accompanies literature. Therefore this term is not categorical, instead, it is functional. It is a conventional and relative term. The relation between art and audience is an unstable ratio. The concept of intentional literature is not authentically against art per se, because depriving literature of all kinds of ideology has its own objective or intention. On the contrary, the objective (the function) is not an inner part of literature, but it derives from our system of values and interpretation.