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College Algebra and Trigonometry will appeal to those who want to give important topics more in-depth, higher-level coverage. This text offers streamlined approach accompanied with accessible definitions across all chapters to allow for an easy-to-understand read. College Algebra contains prose that is precise, accurate, and easy to read, with straightforward definitions of even the topics that are typically most difficult for readers.
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College Algebra and Trigonometry will appeal to those who want to give important topics more in-depth, higher-level coverage. This text offers streamlined approach accompanied with accessible definitions across all chapters to allow for an easy-to-understand read. College Algebra contains prose that is precise, accurate, and easy to read, with straightforward definitions of even the topics that are typically most difficult for readers.
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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 784
- Erscheinungstermin: 8. März 2011
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 251mm x 203mm x 30mm
- Gewicht: 1246g
- ISBN-13: 9780470470817
- ISBN-10: 047047081X
- Artikelnr.: 31199395
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Libri GmbH
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- 06621 890
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 784
- Erscheinungstermin: 8. März 2011
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 251mm x 203mm x 30mm
- Gewicht: 1246g
- ISBN-13: 9780470470817
- ISBN-10: 047047081X
- Artikelnr.: 31199395
- Herstellerkennzeichnung
- Libri GmbH
- Europaallee 1
- 36244 Bad Hersfeld
- 06621 890
Sheldon Axler is well-known within the mathematics community. He has an Ivy League education, having received his AB in mathematics from Princeton in 1971, and his PhD in mathematics from UC Berkeley in 1975. Currently, Sheldon is the Dean of the College of Science and Engineering at SFSU. Previously, he held teaching positions at Michigan State, UC Berkeley, Indiana University, and MIT. He has received numerous grants, awards, and fellowships throughout his career. He regularly speaks at conferences and conventions and has done extensive writing in his discipline. Notably, he is the author of a successful textbook for the second course in linear Algebra, published with Springer and has held several editorial positions for mathematics journals and is currently a series editor for Springer. As the author for Wiley's Precalculus: A Prelude to Calculus, Sheldon has shown himself an able and willing promoter of his title, garnering the interest of his colleagues nationwide and proving himself a valuable and responsive resource for our sales force.
About the Author
Preface to the Instructor
Acknowledgments
Preface to the Student
1 The Real Numbers
1.1 The Real Line
Construction of the Real Line
Is Every Real Number Rational?
Problems
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers
Commutativity and Associativity
The Order of Algebraic Operations
The Distributive Property
Additive Inverses and Subtraction
Multiplicative Inverses and the Algebra of Fractions
Symbolic Calculators
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
1.3 Inequalities
Positive and Negative Numbers
Lesser and Greater
Intervals
Absolute Value
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry
2.1 The Coordinate Plane
Coordinates
Graphs of Equations
Distance Between Two Points
Length, Perimeter, and Circumference
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.2 Lines
Slope
The Equation of a Line
Parallel Lines
Perpendicular Lines
Midpoints
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections
Completing the Square
The Quadratic Formula
Circles
Ellipses
Parabolas
Hyperbolas
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.4 Area
Squares, Rectangles, and Parallelograms
Triangles and Trapezoids
Stretching
Circles and Ellipses
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
3 Functions and Their Graphs
3.1 Functions
Definition and Examples
The Graph of a Function
The Domain of a Function
The Range of a Function
Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs
Vertical Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, and Flipping
Horizontal Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, Flipping
Combinations of Vertical Function Transformations
Even Functions
Odd Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.3 Composition of Functions
Combining Two Functions
Definition of Composition
Order Matters in Composition
Decomposing Functions
Composing More than Two Functions
Function Transformations as Compositions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.4 Inverse Functions
The Inverse Problem
One-to-one Functions
The Definition of an Inverse Function
The Domain and Range of an Inverse Function
The Composition of a Function and Its Inverse
Comments about Notation
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions
The Graph of an Inverse Function
Graphical Interpretation of One-to-One
Increasing and Decreasing Functions
Inverse Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions
4.1 Integer Exponents
Positive Integer Exponents
Properties of Exponents
Defining x0
Negative Integer Exponents
Manipulations with Exponents
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.2 Polynomials
The Degree of a Polynomial
The Algebra of Polynomials
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Polynomial Near -1
Graphs of Polynomials
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.3 Rational Functions
Ratios of Polynomials
The Algebra of Rational Functions
Division of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Rational Function Near -1
Graphs of Rational Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.4 Complex Numbers
The Complex Number System
Arithmetic with Complex Numbers
Complex Conjugates and Division of Complex Numbers
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials, Revisited
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
5 Exponents and Logarithms
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions
Roots
Rat
Preface to the Instructor
Acknowledgments
Preface to the Student
1 The Real Numbers
1.1 The Real Line
Construction of the Real Line
Is Every Real Number Rational?
Problems
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers
Commutativity and Associativity
The Order of Algebraic Operations
The Distributive Property
Additive Inverses and Subtraction
Multiplicative Inverses and the Algebra of Fractions
Symbolic Calculators
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
1.3 Inequalities
Positive and Negative Numbers
Lesser and Greater
Intervals
Absolute Value
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry
2.1 The Coordinate Plane
Coordinates
Graphs of Equations
Distance Between Two Points
Length, Perimeter, and Circumference
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.2 Lines
Slope
The Equation of a Line
Parallel Lines
Perpendicular Lines
Midpoints
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections
Completing the Square
The Quadratic Formula
Circles
Ellipses
Parabolas
Hyperbolas
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.4 Area
Squares, Rectangles, and Parallelograms
Triangles and Trapezoids
Stretching
Circles and Ellipses
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
3 Functions and Their Graphs
3.1 Functions
Definition and Examples
The Graph of a Function
The Domain of a Function
The Range of a Function
Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs
Vertical Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, and Flipping
Horizontal Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, Flipping
Combinations of Vertical Function Transformations
Even Functions
Odd Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.3 Composition of Functions
Combining Two Functions
Definition of Composition
Order Matters in Composition
Decomposing Functions
Composing More than Two Functions
Function Transformations as Compositions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.4 Inverse Functions
The Inverse Problem
One-to-one Functions
The Definition of an Inverse Function
The Domain and Range of an Inverse Function
The Composition of a Function and Its Inverse
Comments about Notation
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions
The Graph of an Inverse Function
Graphical Interpretation of One-to-One
Increasing and Decreasing Functions
Inverse Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions
4.1 Integer Exponents
Positive Integer Exponents
Properties of Exponents
Defining x0
Negative Integer Exponents
Manipulations with Exponents
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.2 Polynomials
The Degree of a Polynomial
The Algebra of Polynomials
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Polynomial Near -1
Graphs of Polynomials
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.3 Rational Functions
Ratios of Polynomials
The Algebra of Rational Functions
Division of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Rational Function Near -1
Graphs of Rational Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.4 Complex Numbers
The Complex Number System
Arithmetic with Complex Numbers
Complex Conjugates and Division of Complex Numbers
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials, Revisited
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
5 Exponents and Logarithms
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions
Roots
Rat
About the Author v
Preface to the Instructor xvi
WileyPLUS xxii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Preface to the Student xxvi
1 The Real Numbers 1
1.1 The Real Line 2
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers 7
1.3 Inequalities, Intervals, and Absolute Value 24
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry 41
2.1 The Coordinate Plane 42
2.2 Lines 57
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections 75
2.4 Area 98
3 Functions and Their Graphs 117
3.1 Functions 118
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs 142
3.3 Composition of Functions 165
3.4 Inverse Functions 180
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions 197
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions 213
4.1 Integer Exponents 214
4.2 Polynomials 227
4.3 Rational Functions 245
4.4 Complex Numbers 262
5 Exponents and Logarithms 279
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions 280
5.2 Logarithms as Inverses of Exponential Functions 293
5.3 Applications of Logarithms 310
5.4 Exponential Growth 328
6 e and the Natural Logarithm 349
6.1 Defining e and ln 350
6.2 Approximations and area with e and ln 366
6.3 Exponential Growth Revisited 376
7 Systems of Equations 387
7.1 Equations and Systems of Equations 388
7.2 Solving Systems of Linear Equations 399
7.3 Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using Matrices 411
7.4 Matrix Algebra 424
8 Sequences, Series, and Limits 447
8.1 Sequences 448
8.2 Series 463
8.3 Limits 483
9 Trigonometric Functions 497
9.1 The Unit Circle 498
9.2 Radians 514
9.3 Cosine and Sine 529
9.4 More Trigonometric Functions 542
9.5 Trigonometry in Right Triangles 555
9.6 Trigonometric Identities 566
10 Trigonometric Algebra and Geometry 583
10.1 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 584
10.2 Inverse Trigonometric Identities 599
10.3 Using Trigonometry to Compute Area 613
10.4 The Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines 628
10.5 Double-Angle and Half-Angle Formulas 644
10.6 Addition and Subtraction Formulas 658
11 Applications of Trigonometry 671
11.1 Parametric Curves 672
11.2 Transformations of Trigonometric Functions 687
11.3 Polar Coordinates 705
11.4 Vectors 718
11.5 The Complex Plane 732
Photo Credits 743
Index 745
Preface to the Instructor xvi
WileyPLUS xxii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Preface to the Student xxvi
1 The Real Numbers 1
1.1 The Real Line 2
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers 7
1.3 Inequalities, Intervals, and Absolute Value 24
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry 41
2.1 The Coordinate Plane 42
2.2 Lines 57
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections 75
2.4 Area 98
3 Functions and Their Graphs 117
3.1 Functions 118
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs 142
3.3 Composition of Functions 165
3.4 Inverse Functions 180
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions 197
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions 213
4.1 Integer Exponents 214
4.2 Polynomials 227
4.3 Rational Functions 245
4.4 Complex Numbers 262
5 Exponents and Logarithms 279
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions 280
5.2 Logarithms as Inverses of Exponential Functions 293
5.3 Applications of Logarithms 310
5.4 Exponential Growth 328
6 e and the Natural Logarithm 349
6.1 Defining e and ln 350
6.2 Approximations and area with e and ln 366
6.3 Exponential Growth Revisited 376
7 Systems of Equations 387
7.1 Equations and Systems of Equations 388
7.2 Solving Systems of Linear Equations 399
7.3 Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using Matrices 411
7.4 Matrix Algebra 424
8 Sequences, Series, and Limits 447
8.1 Sequences 448
8.2 Series 463
8.3 Limits 483
9 Trigonometric Functions 497
9.1 The Unit Circle 498
9.2 Radians 514
9.3 Cosine and Sine 529
9.4 More Trigonometric Functions 542
9.5 Trigonometry in Right Triangles 555
9.6 Trigonometric Identities 566
10 Trigonometric Algebra and Geometry 583
10.1 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 584
10.2 Inverse Trigonometric Identities 599
10.3 Using Trigonometry to Compute Area 613
10.4 The Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines 628
10.5 Double-Angle and Half-Angle Formulas 644
10.6 Addition and Subtraction Formulas 658
11 Applications of Trigonometry 671
11.1 Parametric Curves 672
11.2 Transformations of Trigonometric Functions 687
11.3 Polar Coordinates 705
11.4 Vectors 718
11.5 The Complex Plane 732
Photo Credits 743
Index 745
About the Author
Preface to the Instructor
Acknowledgments
Preface to the Student
1 The Real Numbers
1.1 The Real Line
Construction of the Real Line
Is Every Real Number Rational?
Problems
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers
Commutativity and Associativity
The Order of Algebraic Operations
The Distributive Property
Additive Inverses and Subtraction
Multiplicative Inverses and the Algebra of Fractions
Symbolic Calculators
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
1.3 Inequalities
Positive and Negative Numbers
Lesser and Greater
Intervals
Absolute Value
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry
2.1 The Coordinate Plane
Coordinates
Graphs of Equations
Distance Between Two Points
Length, Perimeter, and Circumference
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.2 Lines
Slope
The Equation of a Line
Parallel Lines
Perpendicular Lines
Midpoints
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections
Completing the Square
The Quadratic Formula
Circles
Ellipses
Parabolas
Hyperbolas
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.4 Area
Squares, Rectangles, and Parallelograms
Triangles and Trapezoids
Stretching
Circles and Ellipses
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
3 Functions and Their Graphs
3.1 Functions
Definition and Examples
The Graph of a Function
The Domain of a Function
The Range of a Function
Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs
Vertical Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, and Flipping
Horizontal Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, Flipping
Combinations of Vertical Function Transformations
Even Functions
Odd Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.3 Composition of Functions
Combining Two Functions
Definition of Composition
Order Matters in Composition
Decomposing Functions
Composing More than Two Functions
Function Transformations as Compositions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.4 Inverse Functions
The Inverse Problem
One-to-one Functions
The Definition of an Inverse Function
The Domain and Range of an Inverse Function
The Composition of a Function and Its Inverse
Comments about Notation
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions
The Graph of an Inverse Function
Graphical Interpretation of One-to-One
Increasing and Decreasing Functions
Inverse Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions
4.1 Integer Exponents
Positive Integer Exponents
Properties of Exponents
Defining x0
Negative Integer Exponents
Manipulations with Exponents
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.2 Polynomials
The Degree of a Polynomial
The Algebra of Polynomials
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Polynomial Near -1
Graphs of Polynomials
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.3 Rational Functions
Ratios of Polynomials
The Algebra of Rational Functions
Division of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Rational Function Near -1
Graphs of Rational Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.4 Complex Numbers
The Complex Number System
Arithmetic with Complex Numbers
Complex Conjugates and Division of Complex Numbers
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials, Revisited
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
5 Exponents and Logarithms
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions
Roots
Rat
Preface to the Instructor
Acknowledgments
Preface to the Student
1 The Real Numbers
1.1 The Real Line
Construction of the Real Line
Is Every Real Number Rational?
Problems
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers
Commutativity and Associativity
The Order of Algebraic Operations
The Distributive Property
Additive Inverses and Subtraction
Multiplicative Inverses and the Algebra of Fractions
Symbolic Calculators
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
1.3 Inequalities
Positive and Negative Numbers
Lesser and Greater
Intervals
Absolute Value
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry
2.1 The Coordinate Plane
Coordinates
Graphs of Equations
Distance Between Two Points
Length, Perimeter, and Circumference
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.2 Lines
Slope
The Equation of a Line
Parallel Lines
Perpendicular Lines
Midpoints
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections
Completing the Square
The Quadratic Formula
Circles
Ellipses
Parabolas
Hyperbolas
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
2.4 Area
Squares, Rectangles, and Parallelograms
Triangles and Trapezoids
Stretching
Circles and Ellipses
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
3 Functions and Their Graphs
3.1 Functions
Definition and Examples
The Graph of a Function
The Domain of a Function
The Range of a Function
Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs
Vertical Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, and Flipping
Horizontal Transformations: Shifting, Stretching, Flipping
Combinations of Vertical Function Transformations
Even Functions
Odd Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.3 Composition of Functions
Combining Two Functions
Definition of Composition
Order Matters in Composition
Decomposing Functions
Composing More than Two Functions
Function Transformations as Compositions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.4 Inverse Functions
The Inverse Problem
One-to-one Functions
The Definition of an Inverse Function
The Domain and Range of an Inverse Function
The Composition of a Function and Its Inverse
Comments about Notation
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions
The Graph of an Inverse Function
Graphical Interpretation of One-to-One
Increasing and Decreasing Functions
Inverse Functions via Tables
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions
4.1 Integer Exponents
Positive Integer Exponents
Properties of Exponents
Defining x0
Negative Integer Exponents
Manipulations with Exponents
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.2 Polynomials
The Degree of a Polynomial
The Algebra of Polynomials
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Polynomial Near -1
Graphs of Polynomials
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.3 Rational Functions
Ratios of Polynomials
The Algebra of Rational Functions
Division of Polynomials
The Behavior of a Rational Function Near -1
Graphs of Rational Functions
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
4.4 Complex Numbers
The Complex Number System
Arithmetic with Complex Numbers
Complex Conjugates and Division of Complex Numbers
Zeros and Factorization of Polynomials, Revisited
Exercises, Problems, and Worked-out Solutions
Chapter Summary and Chapter Review Questions
5 Exponents and Logarithms
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions
Roots
Rat
About the Author v
Preface to the Instructor xvi
WileyPLUS xxii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Preface to the Student xxvi
1 The Real Numbers 1
1.1 The Real Line 2
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers 7
1.3 Inequalities, Intervals, and Absolute Value 24
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry 41
2.1 The Coordinate Plane 42
2.2 Lines 57
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections 75
2.4 Area 98
3 Functions and Their Graphs 117
3.1 Functions 118
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs 142
3.3 Composition of Functions 165
3.4 Inverse Functions 180
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions 197
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions 213
4.1 Integer Exponents 214
4.2 Polynomials 227
4.3 Rational Functions 245
4.4 Complex Numbers 262
5 Exponents and Logarithms 279
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions 280
5.2 Logarithms as Inverses of Exponential Functions 293
5.3 Applications of Logarithms 310
5.4 Exponential Growth 328
6 e and the Natural Logarithm 349
6.1 Defining e and ln 350
6.2 Approximations and area with e and ln 366
6.3 Exponential Growth Revisited 376
7 Systems of Equations 387
7.1 Equations and Systems of Equations 388
7.2 Solving Systems of Linear Equations 399
7.3 Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using Matrices 411
7.4 Matrix Algebra 424
8 Sequences, Series, and Limits 447
8.1 Sequences 448
8.2 Series 463
8.3 Limits 483
9 Trigonometric Functions 497
9.1 The Unit Circle 498
9.2 Radians 514
9.3 Cosine and Sine 529
9.4 More Trigonometric Functions 542
9.5 Trigonometry in Right Triangles 555
9.6 Trigonometric Identities 566
10 Trigonometric Algebra and Geometry 583
10.1 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 584
10.2 Inverse Trigonometric Identities 599
10.3 Using Trigonometry to Compute Area 613
10.4 The Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines 628
10.5 Double-Angle and Half-Angle Formulas 644
10.6 Addition and Subtraction Formulas 658
11 Applications of Trigonometry 671
11.1 Parametric Curves 672
11.2 Transformations of Trigonometric Functions 687
11.3 Polar Coordinates 705
11.4 Vectors 718
11.5 The Complex Plane 732
Photo Credits 743
Index 745
Preface to the Instructor xvi
WileyPLUS xxii
Acknowledgments xxiii
Preface to the Student xxvi
1 The Real Numbers 1
1.1 The Real Line 2
1.2 Algebra of the Real Numbers 7
1.3 Inequalities, Intervals, and Absolute Value 24
2 Combining Algebra and Geometry 41
2.1 The Coordinate Plane 42
2.2 Lines 57
2.3 Quadratic Expressions and Conic Sections 75
2.4 Area 98
3 Functions and Their Graphs 117
3.1 Functions 118
3.2 Function Transformations and Graphs 142
3.3 Composition of Functions 165
3.4 Inverse Functions 180
3.5 A Graphical Approach to Inverse Functions 197
4 Polynomial and Rational Functions 213
4.1 Integer Exponents 214
4.2 Polynomials 227
4.3 Rational Functions 245
4.4 Complex Numbers 262
5 Exponents and Logarithms 279
5.1 Exponents and Exponential Functions 280
5.2 Logarithms as Inverses of Exponential Functions 293
5.3 Applications of Logarithms 310
5.4 Exponential Growth 328
6 e and the Natural Logarithm 349
6.1 Defining e and ln 350
6.2 Approximations and area with e and ln 366
6.3 Exponential Growth Revisited 376
7 Systems of Equations 387
7.1 Equations and Systems of Equations 388
7.2 Solving Systems of Linear Equations 399
7.3 Solving Systems of Linear Equations Using Matrices 411
7.4 Matrix Algebra 424
8 Sequences, Series, and Limits 447
8.1 Sequences 448
8.2 Series 463
8.3 Limits 483
9 Trigonometric Functions 497
9.1 The Unit Circle 498
9.2 Radians 514
9.3 Cosine and Sine 529
9.4 More Trigonometric Functions 542
9.5 Trigonometry in Right Triangles 555
9.6 Trigonometric Identities 566
10 Trigonometric Algebra and Geometry 583
10.1 Inverse Trigonometric Functions 584
10.2 Inverse Trigonometric Identities 599
10.3 Using Trigonometry to Compute Area 613
10.4 The Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines 628
10.5 Double-Angle and Half-Angle Formulas 644
10.6 Addition and Subtraction Formulas 658
11 Applications of Trigonometry 671
11.1 Parametric Curves 672
11.2 Transformations of Trigonometric Functions 687
11.3 Polar Coordinates 705
11.4 Vectors 718
11.5 The Complex Plane 732
Photo Credits 743
Index 745