Closing a gap in the literature, this is the only open book series to cover this important topic in organic and biochemistry. Drawing upon the combined expertise of the international "who's who" in amino acid research, this series is a real benchmark for amino acid chemistry, providing a comprehensive discussion of the occurrence, uses and applications of amino acids and, by extension, their polymeric forms, peptides and proteins. The practical value of each volume is heightened by the inclusion of experimental procedures. Diese stark praxisbezogene Reihe in 5 Bänden schließt eine Lücke in…mehr
Closing a gap in the literature, this is the only open book series to cover this important topic in organic and biochemistry. Drawing upon the combined expertise of the international "who's who" in amino acid research, this series is a real benchmark for amino acid chemistry, providing a comprehensive discussion of the occurrence, uses and applications of amino acids and, by extension, their polymeric forms, peptides and proteins. The practical value of each volume is heightened by the inclusion of experimental procedures.Diese stark praxisbezogene Reihe in 5 Bänden schließt eine Lücke in der verfügbaren Fachliteratur. Alle international wichtigen Aminosäureforscher diskutieren hier Vorkommen, Verwendungsmöglichkeiten und bereits existierende Anwendungen von Aminosäuren und ihren Polymeren, Peptiden und Proteinen.
Produktdetails
Produktdetails
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins in Organic Chemistry Nr.1
Andrew Hughes is a Reader and Head of the Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. He obtained his degrees from the University of Western Australia. Post-doctoral appointments at the University of Cambridge starting 1989 included 3 years working with Professor Andrew Holmes before joining Professor Steven Ley's group in 1993. While at Cambridge he was appointed the Shell Research Fellow at Robinson College.
Inhaltsangabe
PART I: Origins of Amino Acids EXTRATERRESTRIAL AMINO ACIDS Introduction ISM Comets Meteorites Micrometeorites and IDPs Mars Delivery of Extraterrestrial Amino Acid to the Earth and its Importance to the Origin of Life "TERRESTRIAL" AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR EVOLUTION Introduction What are the 20 "Terrestrial" Amino Acids? What do We Know about the Evolution of the Standard Amino Acid Alphabet? Amino Acids that Life Passed Over: A Role for Natural Selection? Why Does Life Genetically Encode L Amino Acids? Summary, Synthesis, and Conclusions PART II: Production/Synthesis of Amino Acids USE OF ENZYMES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS Introduction Chemo Enzymatic Processes to Enantiomerically Pure Amino Acids Acylase Process Amidase Process Hydantoinase Process Ammonia Lyase Processes Aminotransferase Process AADH Process BETA AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS Introduction Biosynthesis of Beta Amino Acids Conclusions and Future Prospects METHODS FOR THE CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF NONCODED ALPHA AMINO ACIDS FOUND IN NATURAL PRODUCT PEPTIDES Introduction Noncoded CAAs Noncoded Amino Acids by Chemical Modification of Coded Amino Acids Noncoded Amino Acids with Elaborate Side Chains SYNTHESIS OF N ALKYL AMINO ACIDS Introduction N Methylation via Alkylation N Methylation via Schiff?s Base Reduction N Methylation by Novel Methods N Alkylation of Amino Acids RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BETA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Homologation of Alpha Amino Acids Chiral Pool: Enantioselective Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids from Aspartic Acid, Asparagine, and Derivatives Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Conjugate Addition of Nitrogen Nucleophiles to Enones Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids via 1,3 Dipolar Cycloaddition Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Nucleophilic Additions Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Diverse Addition or Substitution Reactions Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Stereoselective Hydrogenation of Prochiral 3 Aminoacrylates and Derivatives Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Use of Chiral Auxiliaries: Stereoselective Alkylation Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids via Radical Reactions Miscellaneous Methods for the Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF CARBOCYCLIC BETA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Synthesis of Carbocyclic Beta Amino Acids Synthesis of Functionalized Carbocyclic Beta Amino Acid Derivatives Enzymatic Routes to Carbocyclic Beta Amino Acids Experimental Procedures SYNTHETIC APPROACHES TO ALPHA, BETA DIAMINO ACIDS Introduction Construction of the Carbon Backbone Introduction of the Nitrogen Atoms in the Carbon Backbone Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF HALOGENATED ALPHA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Halogenated Amino Acids with a Hydrocarbon Side Chain Halogenated Amino Acids with an Aromatic Side Chain Halogenated Amino Acids with Heteroatoms in the Aliphatic Side Chain SYNTHESIS OF ISOTOPICALLY LABELED ALPHA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Enzyme Catalyzed Methods Chiral Pool Approach Chemical Asymmetric Methods Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF UNNATURAL/NONPROTEINOGENIC ALPHA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Chemical Methods Enzymatic Methods Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF GAMMA AND DELTA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Gamma Amino Acids Delta Amino Acids SYNTHESIS OF GAMMA AMINOBUTYRIC ACID ANALOG Introduction Alpha Substituted Gamma Amino Acids Beta Substituted Gamma Amino Acids Trisubstituted Gamma Amino Acids Hydroxy Gamma Amino Acids Unsaturated Gamma Amino Acids Cyclic Gamma Amino Acids Experimental Procedures
PART I: Origins of Amino Acids EXTRATERRESTRIAL AMINO ACIDS Introduction ISM Comets Meteorites Micrometeorites and IDPs Mars Delivery of Extraterrestrial Amino Acid to the Earth and its Importance to the Origin of Life "TERRESTRIAL" AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR EVOLUTION Introduction What are the 20 "Terrestrial" Amino Acids? What do We Know about the Evolution of the Standard Amino Acid Alphabet? Amino Acids that Life Passed Over: A Role for Natural Selection? Why Does Life Genetically Encode L Amino Acids? Summary, Synthesis, and Conclusions PART II: Production/Synthesis of Amino Acids USE OF ENZYMES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF AMINO ACIDS Introduction Chemo Enzymatic Processes to Enantiomerically Pure Amino Acids Acylase Process Amidase Process Hydantoinase Process Ammonia Lyase Processes Aminotransferase Process AADH Process BETA AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS Introduction Biosynthesis of Beta Amino Acids Conclusions and Future Prospects METHODS FOR THE CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF NONCODED ALPHA AMINO ACIDS FOUND IN NATURAL PRODUCT PEPTIDES Introduction Noncoded CAAs Noncoded Amino Acids by Chemical Modification of Coded Amino Acids Noncoded Amino Acids with Elaborate Side Chains SYNTHESIS OF N ALKYL AMINO ACIDS Introduction N Methylation via Alkylation N Methylation via Schiff?s Base Reduction N Methylation by Novel Methods N Alkylation of Amino Acids RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BETA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Homologation of Alpha Amino Acids Chiral Pool: Enantioselective Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids from Aspartic Acid, Asparagine, and Derivatives Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Conjugate Addition of Nitrogen Nucleophiles to Enones Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids via 1,3 Dipolar Cycloaddition Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Nucleophilic Additions Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Diverse Addition or Substitution Reactions Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Stereoselective Hydrogenation of Prochiral 3 Aminoacrylates and Derivatives Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids by Use of Chiral Auxiliaries: Stereoselective Alkylation Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids via Radical Reactions Miscellaneous Methods for the Synthesis of Beta Amino Acids Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF CARBOCYCLIC BETA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Synthesis of Carbocyclic Beta Amino Acids Synthesis of Functionalized Carbocyclic Beta Amino Acid Derivatives Enzymatic Routes to Carbocyclic Beta Amino Acids Experimental Procedures SYNTHETIC APPROACHES TO ALPHA, BETA DIAMINO ACIDS Introduction Construction of the Carbon Backbone Introduction of the Nitrogen Atoms in the Carbon Backbone Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF HALOGENATED ALPHA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Halogenated Amino Acids with a Hydrocarbon Side Chain Halogenated Amino Acids with an Aromatic Side Chain Halogenated Amino Acids with Heteroatoms in the Aliphatic Side Chain SYNTHESIS OF ISOTOPICALLY LABELED ALPHA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Enzyme Catalyzed Methods Chiral Pool Approach Chemical Asymmetric Methods Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF UNNATURAL/NONPROTEINOGENIC ALPHA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Chemical Methods Enzymatic Methods Experimental Procedures SYNTHESIS OF GAMMA AND DELTA AMINO ACIDS Introduction Gamma Amino Acids Delta Amino Acids SYNTHESIS OF GAMMA AMINOBUTYRIC ACID ANALOG Introduction Alpha Substituted Gamma Amino Acids Beta Substituted Gamma Amino Acids Trisubstituted Gamma Amino Acids Hydroxy Gamma Amino Acids Unsaturated Gamma Amino Acids Cyclic Gamma Amino Acids Experimental Procedures
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