Many New Testament Greek grammarians assert that the Greek attributive participle and the Greek relative clause are "equivalent." Michael E. Hayes disproves those assertions in An Analysis of the Attributive Participle and the Relative Clause in the Greek New Testament, thoroughly presenting the linguistic categories of restrictivity and nonrestrictivity and analyzing the restrictive/nonrestrictive nature of every attributive participle and relative clause. By employing the Accessibility Hierarchy, he focuses the central and critical analysis to the subject relative clause and the attributive participle. His analysis leads to the conclusion that with respect to the restrictive/nonrestrictive distinction these two constructions could in no way be described as "equivalent." The attributive participle is primarily utilized to restrict its antecedent except under certain prescribed circumstances, and when both constructions are grammatically and stylistically feasible, the relative clause is predominantly utilized to relate nonrestrictively to its antecedent. As a result, Hayes issues a call to clarity and correction for grammarians, exegetes, modern editors, and translators of the Greek New Testament.
"Michael E. Hayes's study of the attributive participle and the relative clause breaks new ground in the field of Greek linguistics. These constructions are in no way equivalent, even though many Greek teachers have taught the opposite for years, myself included. His work is a muchneeded corrective to the standard introductions to New Testament Greek. This is an invaluable resource for any student of the language of the New Testament. The author is to be commended for an excellent contribution to the ever-growing field of Greek linguistics." -David Alan Black, Dr. M.O. Owens, Jr. Chair of New Testament Studies, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary