This dissertation was approved by the Postgraduate Programme in Constitutional Law at the Fluminense Federal University (PPGDC-UFF) as an assessment tool for the completion of the academic master's degree. Starting with an analysis of the theoretical conceptions of democracy, political representation and citizenship, the author analyses the reality of these institutes in Brazil. The initial study provides support for an approach to the concept of the crisis of representativeness that supposedly affects Brazilian democracy, as well as its outlines and prospects for transformation.