India is a megadiverse nation, housing around 10% of world's species. It also has a rich cultural heritage going back thousands of years. Much of Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultural practices of the land.Environmental services from species and ecosystems are essential at global, regional and local levels. India is a megadiverse nation and land of around 10% of world's species. It also has a rich cultural heritage traced back to thousands of years. Much of Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultural practices of the land. Unfortunately, due to population explosion, climate change and lax implementation of environmental policies, several species are facing the threat of extinction. A complete summary on the Biodiversity in India is discussed in this book.