In this thesis we have analyzed a program that improves the functioning of the maintenance management. This type of programming is called FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis) will allow to manage and reduce the downtime with the identification of the most critical elements of a mechanism, we can also learn the mode of the most appropriate maintenance for a determined functioning and for a determined management.We are going to analyze the effectiveness of the FMECA study in the improvement of the maintenance in the means of transport and in particular in the railroad. We have applied this work on the hydraulic braking system of the tramway at the level of the CITAL company, we have used this type of management to approve its effectiveness in the improvement of the maintenance operation at the level of this company.