In dangerous or hostile situations it is important for command and control centers to know the location of each person in a building at all times. Examples are, a fire or a hostage situation where it is important to determine not only the location of a person in the building but also the physical situation of the person. Every year, nearly 100 firefighters die in the line of duty. A device that is capable of producing and sending geolocation information to a command and control center would offer a life-saving capability for those who risk their lives to save the lives of others. The United States Coast Guard Academy has been researching the development of an indoor, spread-spectrum geolocation system to track personnel inside buildings under a project funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Small Unit Operations Geolocation program. As a result, the determination of the location of the personnel in the building was achieved within a 2.86-meter radius. In other research the effort was to develop a system that will track individuals inside buildings to an accuracy of less than one meter.
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