Robert Lembright

Annual Editions: Western Civilization, Volume 1: The Earliest Civilizations Through the Reformation

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

The Annual Editions series is designed to provide convenient, inexpensive access to a wide range of current articles from some of the most respected magazines, newspapers, and journals published today. Annual Editions are updated on a regular basis through a continuous monitoring of over 300 periodical sources. The articles selected are authored by prominent scholars, researchers, and commentators writing for a general audience. The Annual Editions volumes have a number of common organizational features designed to make them particularly useful in the classroom: a general introduction; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; and a brief overview for each section. Each volume also offers an online Instructor's Resource Guide with testing materials. Using Annual Editions in the Classroom is a general guide that provides a number of interesting and functional ideas for using Annual Editions readers in the classroom. Visit www.mhhe.com/annualeditions for more details.

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Produktdetails

• Annual Editions: Western Civil
• Verlag: Dushkin Publishing
• Revised
• Seitenzahl: 176
• Erscheinungstermin: März 2011
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 272mm x 208mm x 10mm
• Gewicht: 318g
• ISBN-13: 9780078051104
• ISBN-10: 007805110X
• Artikelnr.: 35710785

Inhaltsangabe

Annual Editions: Western Civilization, Volume 1
Preface
Correlation Guide
Topic Guide
Internet References
Unit 1: The Earliest Civilizations
Unit Overview
These articles discuss some of the attributes of early civilizations.
The topics discuss the role of dogs, Egypt, law, ancient wonders, and
ancient empires.
1. More than Man's Best Friend, Jarret A. Lobell and Eric A. Powell,
Archaeology, September/October 2010
Whenever or wherever dogs were first domesticated they have left
mementos all over the archaeological world. The authors explore the
roles dogs played in past cultures and how the ancients celebrated
them.
2. Uncovering Secrets of the Sphinx, Evan Hadingham, Smithsonian,
February 2010
American archaeologist Mark Lehner has been working for many years to
discover aspects and meaning of the Sphinx. He believes that Pharaoh
Khafre built the Sphinx to honor his father, Khufu and it served to
harness the sun's power to resurrect the soul of the pharaoh.
3. Journey to the Seven Wonders, Tony Perrottet, Smithsonian, June 2004
Though only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still stands,
they still intrigue our imagination. Author Tony Perrottet details the
Pyramids, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Temple of Artemis at
Ephesus, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Colossus of Rhodes, the
Hanging Gardens of Babylon, and the Statue of Zeus at Olympia. Why do
these monuments still capture our thoughts after 2,000 years?
4. The Coming of the Sea Peoples, Neil Asher Silberman, Military
History, Winter 1998
About 1200 B.C. a new military force swept southward across the Aegean
Sea and into Asia Minor, Cyprus and Canaan-and even reached the borders
of Egypt. Where were the "sea peoples," and how did their weapons and
tactics launch a military revolution in the ancient world?
5. I, Pillar of Justice, Frank L. Holt, Saudi Aramco World, May/June
2009
The major focus of this article is Mesopotamia in the time of Hammurapi
and discusses the Law Code. There are 282 laws enumerated and the
conditions and penalties for various offenses.
6. Before Tea Leaves Divination in Ancient Babylonia, William W. Hallo,
Biblical Archaeology Review, March/April 2005
William Halo discusses the use of hepatoscopy (a form of divination
involving the inspection of animal livers) by the Assyrian kings. He
sees parallels between ancient liver inspections and modern
intelligence.
Unit 2: Greece and Rome: The Classical Tradition
Unit Overview
These articles focus on Greek and Roman society. Sports, crime,
politics, military conquests, women in Etruscan society, and Cleopatra
are discussed.
7. Troy's Night of the Horse, Barry Strauss, The Trojan War, March 2007
There have been many theories as to the reality of the Trojan War, but
most historians are convinced that the Trojan Horse was a fiction.
However, Barry Strauss suggests that we think of the fall of Troy as an
example of unconventional warfare-Bronze Age style, and that the Greeks
must have used some kind of deceit to take the city.
8. The Historical Socrates, Robin Waterfield, History Today, January
2009
The popular image of Socrates as a man of immense moral integrity was
largely the creation of his pupil Plato. If we study the evidence of
his trial, says the author, a different picture emerges, of a cunning
politician opposed to Athenian democracy.
9. Good Riddance, I Say, Frank L. Holt, Saudi Aramco World July/August
2008
Frank L. Holt uses a bit of broken pottery to enlighten us about daily
life in fifth century Athens. He explains how the political banishment
called ostracism was used between two Athenian statesmen-Themistocles
and Aristeides the Just.
10. Outfoxed and Outfought, Jason K. Foster, Military History,
January/February 2007
Jason K. Foster recounts how the superior-trained Athenian Hoplites
(heavily armed soldiers) and new battle tactics overwhelmed the ancient
world's greatest empire, Persia. Had Athens been defeated, democracy,
art, culture, and philosophy might have been lost forever.
11. Mighty Macedonian: Alexander the Great, Richard Covington,
Smithsonian, November 2004
His victories on the battlefield earned him the title Alexander the
Great, but what were his motives? Was it his motivation to surpass his
father, Philip II, or to win his mother Olympias' love, which enabled
him to conquer the Persian Empire?
12. Etruscan Women: Dignified, Charming, Literate and Free, Ingrid D.
Rowland, Archaeology Odyssey, May/June 2004
The author tells us that the Etruscan Women's freedom of action,
appetite for wine, and their loose morals were scandalous to the Greeks
and later, to the Romans. They were powerful, dignified, elegant, and
aristocratic, and seemed to be equal to men.
13. Rome's Craftiest General: Scipio Africanus, James Lacey, Military
History, July/August 2007
Publius Cornelius Scipio "Africanus" learned the art of war at a very
young age against Rome's greatest enemy, Hannibal Barca. Although
Scipio and the Romans were first defeated, he eventually gained a
command to take Spain from Carthage and then met Hannibal at Zama in
202 B.C. The latter was the crowning achievement of his career and gave
him the title, "Africanus" or "victor of Africa," but it was to be his
last important command.
Unit 3: The Judeo-Christian Heritage
Unit Overview
The articles in this section examine the Hebrew religion, Jesus, and
Mary Magdalene.
14. Did Captured ARK Afflict Philistines with E.D.?, Aren M. Maeir,
Biblical Archaeological Review, May/June 2008
What did the Bible mean by the statement that God afflicted the
Phillistines with 'opalim' which is usually translated as
"hemorrhoids." The author contends that the real meaning had to do with
sexual function.
15. Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?, Andrew Lawler, Smithsonian,
January 2010
There is a controversy fueled by the thoughts of Israeli archaeologist,
Yuval Peleg, who does not believe in the traditional view that the Dead
Sea Scrolls were written by an ascetic group called the Essenes. He
contends that Jews, fleeing from the Roman War 66-70 A.D. hid documents
in the Qumran caves to keep them safe. His and other theories are
discussed.
16. From Jesus to Christ, Jon Meacham, Newsweek, March 28, 2005
How did the Jesus of history, whom many in his time saw as a failed
prophet, come to be viewed by billions as the Christ of faith? What
were the Jewish traditions incorporated into Christianity? And why did
Christianity succeed where many other religious movements failed?
17. An Inconvenient Woman, Jonathan Darman, Newsweek, May 29, 2006
Was Mary Magdalene a saint or sinner? Most of her history remains a
mystery but Jonathan Darman says that she was faithful to Jesus'
message of love and hope.
Unit 4: Muslims and Byzantines
Unit Overview
These selections discuss the Byzantine civilization as well as
important political and scientific methods in the Muslim world.
18. The Elusive Eastern Empire, Dionysios Stathakopoulos, History
Today, November 2008
The author recounts the history of the Byzantine Empire which began
with Constantine the Great and lasted until the capital,
Constantinople, was captured by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. Great
emperors such as Justinian and Heraclius are detailed along with the
many problems in religion and foreign attackers.
19. The Lost Secret of Greek Fire, Bruce Heydt, Military History, April
2006
Greek Fire was a terrifying weapon which protected the Byzantine Empire
for centuries, but there are many secrets which the modern world would
like to know. What was the chemical makeup, how was it discharged, and
when was the secret lost? The author says that perhaps some day we may
find the answers in a forgotten archive.
20. Islam's First Terrorists, Clive Foss, History Today, December
2007
The Kharijites emerged in the late seventh century and caused chaos
during the Arab civil wars. Although they flourished in chaotic times
and were able to set up a few states, none of these states lasted.
Their insistence on democracy undermined a strong leadership, while
their fanaticism led to internal splits.
21. Al-Kimiya Notes on Arabic Alchemy, Gabriele Ferrario, Chemical
Heritage, Fall 2007
Alchemy meant a method by which base metals could be transmuted into
noble (gold or silver) ones. The experiments and writing of Arabic
scientists gave us words in chemistry for alcohol, elixir,
distillation, and solvents. These alchemists transmitted the legacy of
the ancient and Hellenistic knowledge to the West.
Unit 5: The Medieval Period
Unit Overview
These selections examine the medieval world. Topics include the church,
education, military conquests, trade, and culture.
22. The Church in the Middle Ages, Marius Ostrowski, History Review,
December 2006
When the Roman Empire fell in the fifth century, it was the Christian
church which gained immense power and held it for a millennium. The
church brought together politics, religion, warfare, and culture which
lasted until the Reformation.
23. What Did Medieval Schools Do for Us?, Nicholas Orme, History Today,
June 2006
When the Roman Civilization evaporated in England during the fifth
century, learning inclined more into/toward the monasteries, where
Latin Grammars were developed to teach those who knew no Latin. By the
twelfth century, school became what we would call modern: they moved
away from the monasteries, had full-time teachers, and they were more
in number. Many more children-boys and girls-were literate.
24. 1215 and All That, James Lacey, Military History, May 2010
After signing the Magna Carta, which limited King John's powers and
protected the nobles rights, one might have hoped for peace. However,
the barons got drunk and proclaimed John a disgrace, while the king
turned to vengeance.
25. The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople, Jonathan
Phillips, History Today, May 2004
What caused the knights of the Fourth Crusade to sack Constantinople
and establish a Latin Empire, which lasted from 1204 to 1261? Jonathan
Phillips says that it was a clash of cultures-the Byzantines saw
themselves as superior to the West and the Westerners saw the
Byzantines as effeminate and duplicitous.
26. Monsoons, Mude and Gold, Paul Lunde, Saudi Aramco World,
July/August 2005
The global economy of the Middle Ages was created by taking advantage
of the monsoons to link the Indian Ocean with the West. The Venetians
sent mude, or convoys of ships, to the East for luxury items. This
trade meant finding new sources of gold needed to pay for the goods as
well as maps of the routes.
27. How a Mysterious Disease Laid Low Europe's Masses, Charles L. Mee
Jr., Smithsonian, February 1990
The great Bubonic plague of the fourteenth century destroyed a third of
Europe's population and had profound psychological, social, religious,
economic, and even artistic consequences. Charles Mee spells out the
causes, symptoms, and effects of the epidemic that altered medieval
life.
Unit 6: Renaissance and Reformation
Unit Overview
The following articles discuss, the Renaissance, politics, war,
culture, and the importance of religion in Western Europe.
28. Joan of Arc, Kelly DeVries, Military History, January/February 2008
Kelly DeVries says that Joan of Arc's fame comes from her skill at
leading men into battle against great odds. She inspired later generals
to adopt her tactics, such as direct engagements and frontal assaults.
These things later made her celebrated and a saint.
29. Christian Humanism: From Renaissance to Reformation, Lucy Wooding,
History Review, September 2009
Christian Humanism had key features such as internationalism or
traveling scholars, correspondence between scholars, one
language-Latin, a sound biblical knowledge, and a desire for education.
30. The Luther Legacy, Derek Wilson, History Today, May 2007
Martin Luther has been seen as an advocate of individual freedom,
intellectual repression, nationalism, spirituality, and secularism.
But, as Derek Wilson says, this did not make Luther a dry philosopher
but a flesh-and-blood fallible human being. He was a theologian who
lived his theology.
31. Explaining John Calvin, William J. Bouwsma, The Wilson Quarterly,
New Year's Edition 1989
John Calvin's image in history is well established. The religious
reformer has been credited with-or blamed for-promoting the capitalist
work ethic, individualism, and Puritanism. His biographer, William
Bouwsma, says our image of Calvin as a cold, inflexible moralist is
mistaken. According to the author, Calvin's life and work were full of
"the ambiguities, contradictions, and agonies" of a troubled time.
32. Who Was Henry VIII and When Did It All Go Wrong?, Suzannah
Lipscomb, History Today, April 2009
The author says that what we know today of King Henry VIII is a false
picture. We take our understanding of Henry in his last days and use it
as a blueprint for his life and his reign-his character flaws were not
manifest until much later.
33. Women in War, John A. Lynn, Military History, October 2007
In the armies of sixteenth century Europe, there was a woman for every
man. The tasks performed by camp women were prostitution, laundry, meal
preparation, commerce, and heavy camp labor. The import of women in the
field is recounted by John A. Lynn.
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