Since the Holocaust at the latest, racism and anti-Semitism have been discussed as major problems of our time. However, anti-Semitism is a phenomenon that is decidedly not of 'racist' origin, but finds its roots, among other things, in a religious dispute that can be traced back to the beginning of the Christian era. The aim of this work is to provide a concentrated account of the development of this phenomenon and, above all, of the 'discourse of anti-Semitism' as it emerged as 'racism' in the mid-20th century and as the Holocaust, and as it continues to exist and be transmitted today.