The 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole compounds of different family emerged as a novel class of anticancer agents for biology and medicine I addition to their established antibacterial and antiviral properties. Among these novel heterocyclic compounds different derivatives of oxadaizole having core structures of imidazole, indole, and benzothiophene possessed anticancer properties Hence the present report on the anticancer properties of some novel core structures possessing 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole moiety largely influences the various concentrations of different cell lines used in the experiment. It also includes in vitro activity of different cancer cell lines which includes HeLa, Hep-G2, Caco2, MCF-7 etc. It takes this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all my collaborators, IISc (Indian Institute of Science), MCC (Mount Carmel College, Bangalore), IGNOU (Indira Gandhi National Open University), PPSIR (Poorna Prajna Scientific Industrial Research), Genelon Institute of Life Sciences.I great fully acknowledge the support of Prof. Sudha Medapa without which this book will not be prepared and published.