A large number of antiparasitic drugs are known for the treatment, but development of resistance by the parasite to almost all these drugs had been reported and the only way to overcome this problem is combination chemotherapy and synthesis of some highly active natural product like compounds. Medicinal chemists concerned with the development of new drugs for this disease, therefore, are confronted with the problems of innovating new chemical entities which can offer antiparasitic activities of resistant strains. In the present book an overview on the drugs for malaria and leishmania has been explored with special emphasis on the biological potential of Aminopyrimidines and their synthetic design.