The book investigates the pharmacological and phytochemical properties of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb., an Indian medicinal plant. Flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins were identified in the preliminary screening of the plant extract. Mice were used for testing, and oral doses of the extract showed no mortality. The extract exhibited analgesic activity through central and peripheral mechanisms, antipyretic activity, and anti-inflammatory effects in various animal models. Flavonoids and tannins present in the extract may contribute to its therapeutic properties. Further research using different inflammatory agents is recommended to understand the underlying mechanisms.