The known species of the Egyptian ants are revised. One hundred and forty seven species and subspecies are recognized. Of these, six species are described as new: Cerapachys collingwoodi; Cataglyphis agostii; Messor eglalae; Monomorium dentatum; Pheidole fadli; Tetramorium shirlae; one genus Oxyopomyrmex Andre, 1881 new to Egypt; thirteen new record species; one new record species to the palaearctic region Cardiocondyla minutior Forel, 1899.