The question of sustainability has assumed great importance in the contemporary context of development scenario emerging at global as well as local levels. The prime objective is to achieve the development without destruction. But the degrading environment accompanied with the problems of extinguishing species of flora and fauna which constitute the life support system, have been falsifying the objective. The purpose of this book is to conceptualize the sustainable development by identifying a few measurable correlates of sustainable development and present a mathematical approach for its application with special reference to developing economies. In addition to stability analysis, we have derived a criterion for coexistence of agricultural wealth, industrial wealth and the population residing in the area of system under consideration. It has been established that agro based small scale industries be promoted to meet out the depreciation cost of industrial products, so that the industries survive and the development is sustained.