Aquaculture has had an important growth in the last years in Mexico; as a sustainable source of food production, and keeping it monitored is a way to ensure food safety. A tool aimed to control, attend or guide preventive practices, diagnosis or control of diseases in organisms produced by aquaculture is precisely aquaculture health. This research addresses the essential aspects from the conceptual point of view on aquaculture health, and its application to farming systems. In the same way; the main diseases that affect domesticated organisms are related, and both infectious and non-infectious pathologies are exemplified. Prevention and risk measures in each culture system are related.