In the context of Ubiquitous Computing, whose goal is to effectively integrate human beings and technology/machine, research has been made regarding the development of the "natural interfaces". Such interfaces make communication more intuitive because the idea is to use usual forms of interaction such as natural language, gestures, and vision. Among the possible forms of natural user interfaces, this book highlights the usage of chatbots or computer systems that are designed to simulate a conversation with humans. In a chatbot, the conversation usually occurs by the exchange of text messages, and the chatbot is organized to provide features that allow the usage of natural languages, such as dealing with ambiguous situations and context-based message analysis. The Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML) is created, based on the concepts of Pattern Recognition, or Matching Pattern technique. It is applied to natural language modeling for the dialogue between humans and chatbots that follow the stimulus-response approach. For this purpose, a set of possible user inputs is modeled and, for each one of these sentences, pre-programmed answers were built to be shown to the user.
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