Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Ashurbanipal also spelled Assurbanipal or Ashshurbanipal, was the son of Esarhaddon and the last great king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (668 B.C. c. 627 B.C.). He established the first systematically organized library in the ancient Middle East, the Library of Ashurbanipal, which survives in part today at Nineveh. In the Bible he is called Asenappar (Ezra 4:10). Roman historian Justinus identified him as Sardanapalus.