The study of anatomical structure of various timber species especially the cell proportion is to enable diverse wood species to be properly used for the purpose that suit them thereby improving wood quality. woody and non-woody plants have been one of the oldest materials used for various purpose like construction of pre-fabricated houses, arrows, agricultural tools, doors, windows, frames and also for furniture items such as shelves, work benches, chairs, tables, beds, etc, while, Fiber characteristics are important in considering the utilization of any plant for pulp and paper making. This book explained the variation in the fiber properties of Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) obtained from three locations in Nasarawa state and other parts of Nigeria to assess it suitability for pulp and paper manufacturing. The book update part work and confirm the past results and justify the uses to which bamboo is put. It spelt out the need for bamboo plantation establish in virtually every ecological zones for abundant availability for the production of pulp and paper among other important use.