This study is concerned with the assessment on the implementation of Woreda decentralization in Gambella Regional State with particular emphasis to Abobo and Lare Woredas. It attempted to explore the objectives, legal and institutional frameworks and implementation status of the recently embarked DLDP and fiscal decentralization in Gambella region. It also provided a modest preliminary investigation of some performance indicators of the program in terms of power and authority, local governance processes, inter-governmental relations, financial and administrative capacities, planning and budgeting processes, community participation and basic service delivery trends with particular reference to the two Woredas. It also tried to illustrate some of the major inherent and encountered problems and possible prospects of the program. The study employed more of qualitative case study approach, and both primary and secondary data were used in gathering pertinent information at regional andlocal levels. Descriptive method is used to analyze the data. The study found out that decentralization in general and woreda decentralization in particular had not been adequately implemented in Gambella.