This book focuses on the energy, sustainable economic development and self-reliance for a nation, India. The national security of any country squarely depends on secure energy in its many forms. Since the industrial revolution in the 1750's the world has depended mainly on fossil energy for economic development with unintended and unforeseen consequences like global warming and climate change. Dependence on fossil energy is unsustainable at a global scale. Thus all nations must review and revise their energy policies. Unwise use of the wrong energy source can threaten the very existence of life on this planet. India has realized the importance of energy security for all sectors of the economy, and some of the initiatives for sustainable development and self-reliance are discussed in this book. In different chapters, energy and energy security are associated with national security, economic development, food security, climate change, environmental sustainability, healthy and geopolitics.