Alzheimer's disease (also called pre-senile dementia) is a serious degenerative brain disorder usually occurring in adults aged between forty and sixty.Automatic detection of any disease from the sample is very useful for doctors in terms of saving time and increasing accuracy. The development of automatic disease detection system from the human structural images are challenging because of the noises produced during the process. The automatic detection of Alzheimer's disease is bound to be difficult due to the limitations of automatic segmentation algorithms. There is, therefore a need to develop an automatic Alzheimer's disease diagnostic system, which is very accurate, fast and user friendly. This book focused on the development of a new automatic Alzheimer's disease detection system based on the hippocampus MRI texture features.