Dr. Hillel Avihai holds a Ph.D. degree in aviation terrorism in the discipline of Politics and international relations from the Anglia Ruskin (Polytechnic) University (UK), and has joined the International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism in Israel (ICT) as a research member. Dr. Avihai specializes in the phenomenon of global aviation terrorism while investigating the sources and motives of this phenomenon, likewise, analyzing significant events and examining human and technological measures designed to confront the escalation of this phenomenon , as expressed on the events of September 11, the significant event that marked the passing from hijacking airplanes for the sake of negotiation ( rolling terror ) to using airplanes as a strategic emissary to crash them into designated targets ( immediate terror ).