This book examines nature conservation approaches and their efficacy in achieving conservation and community livelihood goals using the case of Arusha National Park in Tanzania. The book highlights implementation challenges that jeopardize the effectiveness of conservation approaches in attaining conservation goals. The author further observes that one of the major conservation challenges is building a harmonious relationship between conservation authorities and communities living adjacent to protected areas. In this regard, he calls for the integration and effective implementation of conservation approaches which should go hand in hand with active participation and reformulation of the existing laws and regulations to practically support the current participatory paradigm in nature conservation. This book is highly recommended to Environmental Planners, Conservation Managers, policy makers and scholars in the field of Nature Conservation.