Mindfulness is an ongoing process; people can become more resilient by increasing their levels of mindfulness. This book investigates the effect of mindfulness on psychological resilience in cancer patients. According to world health organization cancer is becoming the second cause of death. Cancer patients experience more negative feelings like sadness, guilt, resentment, and sorrow etc. Mindfulness exercises are helpful to deal with emotional pains and disturbances that come from cancer diagnosis in patients. 100 diagnosed cancer patients 50 male and 50 female were selected through stratified random sampling and taken from different hospitals of Multan, Lahore and Islamabad. Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (Walach et al., 2006) and Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008) were administered to the patients. Results showed significant positive relationship of mindfulness with psychological resilience and significant positive impact of mindfulness on psychological resilience. The role of gender in mindfulness and psychological resilience is also highlighted. Mindfulness Based Resilience Training (MBRT) is helpful to improve the ability to cope with stress and adversity.