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Master's Thesis from the year 2022 in the subject Chemistry - Bio-chemistry, , course: biochem-599 - Agriculture, language: English, abstract: The present experiment on "Biochemical characterization of cotton hybrids and their parents" was conducted at Main Cotton Research Station, Athwa farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat (Gujarat) during kharif season 2021-2022. In the experiment, twenty-eight genotypes were chosen for screening. After 45 days of sowing, leaf samples were taken. Biochemical analysis such as reducing sugar, total soluble sugar, protein, proline, tannin, gossypol, total phenol and flavanol were done from leaf samples at 45 days. Iodine value and seed oil content analyzed from seed and all parameters were performed in the laboratory. Biochemical parameters such as total soluble sugar, tannin, gossypol, flavanol, iodine value and seed oil content were found higher in hybrid varieties as compared to parents genotypes. Reducing sugar and total soluble sugar contents ranged between 7.28 to 18.21 mg/g and 75.46 to 121.90 mg/g, respectively. The total protein content varied between 1.05 and 2.24 mg/g, while in proline, it was varied from 0.15 to 1.88 mg/g. Tannin content found between 70.74 to 90.00 mg/g. The amount of gossypol in the samples ranged from 0.71 to 0.97 percent. The total phenol concentration ranged from 3.13 to 5.33 mg/g. While in flavanol, it was varied from10.31 to 15.98 mg/g. The iodine value ranged from 101.00 to 114.00. The percentage of seed oil found between 16.12 to 17.60 percent. Biochemical parameters like reducing sugar (mg/g), protein (mg/g), proline (mg/g) and phenol (mg/g) content higher in parent genotypes as compared to hybrids. It is concluded that biochemical contents found higher in hybrids as compared to parents, which play vital role in improving biochemical characters and improvement of cotton breeding programme.
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