Jeremy Sanderson

Biological Microtechnique

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

A completely new practical guide to both new and classical methods of slide-making which is easy-to-read and easy-to-understand. Biological Microtechnique contains a wealth of practical detail which will provide a firm grounding in preparative

Produktdetails

• Verlag: CRC Press
• Seitenzahl: 244
• Erscheinungstermin: 30. Mai 1994
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 229mm x 152mm x 13mm
• Gewicht: 336g
• ISBN-13: 9781872748429
• ISBN-10: 1872748422
• Artikelnr.: 21952110

Autorenporträt

Jeremy Sanderson

Inhaltsangabe

Abbreviations
1. Introduction
Collecting material for specimen preparation
Choice of preparative technique
Looking at preparations
References
2. Fixation
Function and use of fixatives
Methods of fixation
Immersion fixation
Perfusion fixation
Vapour fixation
Phase
partition fixation
Mechanical methods
When not to use fixation
The penetration of fixatives
Osmolarity and pH
Fixing agents
Formaldehyde
Glutaraldehyde and acrolein
Alcohols and acetone
Mercuric chloride
Potassium dichromate
Picric acid and acetic acid
Osmium tetroxide
Fixative mixtures
Secondary fixation
Preservatives
Washing tissues
Microwaves in histology
Microwaving formalin
fixed tissues
Leiden fixative
Microwaving paraffin sections
Microwaving cryostat sections
Staining reactions
Safety
References
3. Tissue Processing
Dehydration
Transition media
Processing schedules
Automatic processing
Embedding media
Wax embedding
Preparation for cutting
Ribboning
Ribboning difficulties
Laying out ribbons
Mounting sections onto slides
The water
bath method
The hot
plate method
Marking slides
Locating unstained sections
Storing wax blocks
Rehydrating sections
Gelatin
based embedding media
Other embedding media
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) waxes
Polyester waxes
Ester wax
Polyester wax
Cellulose embedding
Double embedding
Orientation of small objects whilst embedding
Resin embedding media
Epoxy resins
Acrylic resins
Lowicryl and London resins
Resin removal.
Methods for hard tissues
Decalcification
Determination of end
point
Sectioning
Wax impregnation
Resin impregnation
Lignified tissues
Insect tissues
Hair fibres
Diatom frustules
Recording tissue processing
References
4. Microtomy
Types of microtome
Hand microtome
Cambridge rocking microtome
Rotary microtomes
Base
sledge and sliding microtomes
Freezing microtome
Automated microtomes
Clamps and chucks
Types of knives
Important knife angles and bevels
Facets
Care of knives
Disposable blades
Glass and diamond knives
Cryotomy
Cold knife methods
Cryostats
Freezing
Embedding
Hazards of cryogenic fluids
Orientation of tissue
Cryostat sectioning
Sectioning temperatures
Anti
roll plate
Electrostatic charges
Handling sections
Storage of tissue
Knife sharpening
Lubricants
Types of abrasive
Handles and backs
Manual sharpening
Lapping
Stropping
Sectioning
Wax structure
Compression
Clearance angle
Sectioning technique
Section thickness
Cryostat sectioning
Effect of fixation and processing on tissue size
Sectioning difficulties
Softening fluids Static
Summary
Vibratomes (tissue choppers)
Macrotomes
Freehand sectioning References
5. Other Preparative Methods
Cytological methods
Cytological fixatives
Cytocentrifuging and sedimentation
Adherence and loss of cells
Smears
Imprints and replicas
Cell blocks
Squashes
Maceration
Temporary mounts
Irrigation
Preparations of whole mounts in cells or 'boxes'
Dry mounts
Fluid mounts
Gum media
Glycerol jelly mounts
Glycerol fluid mounts
References
6. Staining and Dyeing
Nomenclature
Staining action
Mordants
Metachromasia
Nuclear stains
Haematoxylin
Differentiation
'Blueing'
Other nuclear stains
Carmine
Safranin
Synthetic nuclear dyes
Counterstains
Eosin
Other counterstains
General staining procedures
Selected staining protocols
Stains for glycerol jelly mounts
Stains for resin
embedded material
Block staining
Multiple staining of sections
Cytological stains
Neutral stains
Papanicolaou stain
Polychrome stains
Vital stains
Staining for bacteria
Removal of intrinsic pigments
Formalin and malarial pigments
Mercury pigment
Picric acid
Osmium tetroxide
Dye purity
References
7. Finishing the Preparation
Mountants
Water
based media
Dehydration and clearing
Resinous media
Mounting technique
Coverslip thickness
Adhesives
Lifting of sections
Cleaning slides
Fading of specimens
Sections stained with fluorochromes
Finishing the preparation
Using a ringing table
Labelling
Transport
Artifacts
Restoring preparations
Repairing broken slides
Restaining faded sections
Restoring tissues dried during processing
References
Appendices
Appendix A: Safety
Appendix B: Refractive indices
Index.