Biophysical analysis of agricultural production in Ghana: History and potential for food self- sufficiency examines the capabilities of the extensive farming system in contributing to the improvement in meeting the food and nutritional needs in Ghana.The potential of this extensive system for future food self-sufficiency in Ghana is also examined. The author used historical empirical data to analyze the time trends of the major food crops produced and the nutritional requirements of the country from 1962 to 2004. He then made projections into the future (2031). The extent of agricultural intensification in Ghana is also determined to access its viability as an alternative system of food production.