The Aquatic systems contamination by organic and inorganic compounds is one of the most serious problems that might face the environment and organisms as a whole. Hence, conventional treatment technologies for the removal of these toxic are not economic and further generate huge quantity of toxic chemical sludge, and research efforts have made that biosorption using aquatic organisms is now emerging as a potential and powerful alternative to the existing conventional technologies for the removal and/or recovery of metal ions from aqueous solutions. the current book discuss the mode of action for bioremoval of heavy metals and herbicide from aqueous media and how can enhance the bioremoval efficiency using different bioimass.