Sesame oil is unique among the commercially available edible oils due to its stability at room temperature and a high percentage of desirable mono-and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. It posses several natural antioxidants, free free radical scavenging, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, neuroprotective, anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic properties. Biotechnological approaches could be coupled with classical breeding methodology which have a great potential for effecting genetic improvement of sesame.